A charge removing unit emits light onto a surface of an image bearing member for removing charge on the surface. The charge removing unit includes a light source configured to emit the light, and a light guide that is configured to guide the light to irradiate the surface of the image bearing member with the light and has a cylindrical shape extending in an axial direction of the image bearing member. At both ends in a longitudinal direction of the light guide, one end portion and another end portion are respectively provided. The light is introduced to the one end portion. The another end portion includes an inclined surface inclining in a direction from the one end portion to the another end portion, toward a central axis of a circumference of the light guide.

A conductive roller includes a support member, an elastic layer disposed on an outer peripheral surface of the support member, and an outer layer disposed on an outer peripheral surface of the elastic layer. The elastic layer includes a cylindrical elastic foam and has a Young□s modulus of 150 kPa or less.

A conductive roll includes a support member, an elastic layer disposed on an outer peripheral surface of the support member, a surface layer disposed on an outer peripheral surface of the elastic layer, and an intermediate layer disposed between the elastic layer and the surface layer, the intermediate layer having a Poisson ratio of 0.40 or less.

A conductive roller includes a support member, an elastic layer disposed on an outer peripheral surface of the support member, an intermediate layer disposed on an outer peripheral surface of the elastic layer, and a surface layer disposed on an outer peripheral surface of the intermediate layer. The elastic layer includes a cylindrical elastic foam and a conductive covering layer covering an exposed surface of the elastic foam. The Young's modulus Yd of the elastic layer and the Young's modulus Ym of the intermediate layer satisfy the relationship Yd<Ym.

Provided is an electrophotographic electro-conductive member including a support having an electro-conductive outer surface, and an electro-conductive layer. The electro-conductive layer has a matrix containing a crosslinked product of a first rubber and domains containing a crosslinked product of a second rubber and an electron conductive agent. When measuring an impedance by applying alternating voltage between the outer surface of the support and a platinum electrode on an outer surface of the electro-conductive layer while changing a frequency, a slope at specific frequencies is −0.8 to −0.3 in a double logarithmic plot, and an impedance at specific frequency range is 1.0×10.sup.4Ω to 1.0×10.sup.11Ω. When measuring an impedance by applying alternating voltage between the outer surface of the support and a platinum electrode on an outer surface of the electrophotographic electro-conductive member while changing a frequency, an impedance at specific frequency range is 1.0×10.sup.5Ω to 1.0×10.sup.11Ω.

A drum member includes: a substantially cylindrical drum body having a hollow part extending in an axial direction; a sheet member wound on the drum body; an adjusting mechanism configured to adjust tension in the sheet member, the adjusting mechanism including a moving member that holds an end of the sheet member in a circumferential direction and moves in a depth direction of the hollow part, and a fixing member that fixes the moving member to the drum body; and one or more positioning members that position the moving member such that the moving member does not move in the circumferential direction of the drum body when the moving member is fixed with the fixing member.

An image forming apparatus includes an image-carrying component configured to carry a colorant image including an adjustment image, a transferring component having a recess in an outer peripheral surface and configured to transfer the colorant image from the image-carrying component to a recording medium in a transfer area while rotating in such a manner as to allow a retainer that is retaining the recording medium to pass through the recess, an image-forming component configured to form the adjustment image at such a position of the image-carrying component as to face the recess of the transferring component, and a transporting component configured to cause the recording medium retained by the retainer to pass through the transfer area.

An image forming apparatus includes an image-carrying component configured to carry a colorant image including an adjustment image, a transferring component having a recess in an outer peripheral surface and configured to transfer the colorant image from the image-carrying component to a recording medium in a transfer area while rotating in such a manner as to allow a retainer that is retaining the recording medium to pass through the recess, a transporting component configured to cause the recording medium retained by the retainer to pass through the transfer area, and a shielding component configured to shield the recess of the transferring component from colorant particles composing the colorant image.

An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive drum, a development roller configured to supply developer to the photosensitive drum, a transfer roller configured to transfer a developer image formed on the photosensitive drum to a recording material, and a cleaning roller being in contact with the photosensitive drum, configured to clean a part of the recording material adhered to the photosensitive drum, wherein the diameter of the transfer roller is greater than the diameter of the development roller and the diameter of the cleaning roller is greater than the diameter of the development roller.

A transfer member includes: an inner layer; an outer layer provided on an outer periphery of the inner layer; and a surface layer provided on an outer periphery of the outer layer, both end portions of the surface layer in circumferential directions extending in the circumferential directions from both end portions of the outer layer in the circumferential directions.