A method for manufacturing a touch panel includes the following steps. A plurality of first sensing electrodes and a plurality of second sensing electrodes are formed on the first substrate. A first insulator layer is formed to cover the first sensing electrodes and the second sensing electrodes. Holes are formed in the first insulator layer, in which a portion of the first sensing electrodes is exposed through the holes. A conductive layer is formed on the first insulator layer and in the holes. The conductive layer is patterned to form a bridge electrode and a shield electrode. The bridge electrode is electrically connected to the first sensing electrodes through the holes. A vertical projection of the shield electrode on the first substrate at least overlaps with a vertical projection of at least one of the first sensing electrodes and the second sensing electrodes on the first substrate.

Disclosed are keyboards and keyboard switches sensitive to touch, including, hover and pressure. The keyboard switches have transmit and receive antennae that are spaced apart such that no portion of the transmit antenna touches any portion of the receive antenna. The keyboard switches are arranged in logical rows and logical columns such that each of the keyboard switches is associated with one row and one column. Signal emitters are conductively coupled to the transmit antennae for each of the keyboard switches associated with each of the rows, and each of the signal emitters are adapted to cause each of the transmit antennae to transmit one or more source signals. Receivers are coupled to the receive antennae for each of the keyboard switches associated with each of the columns, and each of the receivers are adapted to capture a frame of signals present on the coupled receive antennae. A signal processor adapted to determine a measurement from each frame, corresponding to an amount of the source signals present on the receive antennae during a time the corresponding frame was received. The signal processor further adapted to determine a keyboard switch touch state from a range of touch states based at least in part on the corresponding measurement.

Provided is a display device. The display device includes a first substrate including a first base layer, a circuit layer disposed on the first base layer, and a light emitting layer disposed on the circuit layer, a second substrate including a top surface and a bottom surface and in which a plurality of grooves arranged in a first direction are defined in the bottom surface, the second substrate being disposed on the first substrate, and a plurality of light blocking members disposed on the plurality of grooves to control propagation direction of light outputted from the light emitting layer.

A touch apparatus is provided. The touch apparatus includes a substrate, at least one touch-sensing electrode, at least one vibration electrode, a touch control circuit and a vibration control circuit. The touch-sensing electrode and the vibration electrode are disposed in a first electrode layer on the substrate. The touch control circuit is electrically coupled to the touch-sensing electrode. The touch control circuit can sense a touch event of the touch apparatus through the touch-sensing electrode. The vibration control circuit is electrically coupled to the vibration electrode. The vibration control circuit can drive the vibration electrode to generate a vibration.

An electrostatic capacitance-type input device in which input position detecting electrodes are disposed in an input area of a substrate, includes a lower layer-side conductive film, an interlayer insulating film, and an upper layer-side conductive film, which are stacked on the substrate in order from the substrate side. A first input position detecting electrode and a second input position detecting electrode are formed as the input position detecting electrodes by a first conductive film out of the lower and upper layer-side conductive films. A relay electrode overlaps with the first input position detecting electrode in the intersection portion to be electrically connected to the discontinued portion of the second input position detecting electrode. An input area shield electrode that overlaps with the first and second input position detecting electrodes are formed by a second conductive film out of the lower and upper layer-side conductive films.

A display apparatus with a substrate having a long side and a short side, a plurality of driving electrodes arranged on the substrate parallel to the long side of the substrate, a plurality of touch detection electrodes arranged on the substrate parallel to the short side of the substrate, a control unit electrically coupled to each of the plurality of driving electrodes and which sequentially drives the plurality of driving electrodes, and a detection unit electrically coupled to each of the touch detection electrodes.

Various embodiments relating to exchanging a cryptographic key between a display device and an input device via electrostatic communication are disclosed. In one embodiment, an interactive communication device includes one or more electrodes and a radio transceiver. The one or more electrodes may be excited to capacitively couple with one or more electrodes of a proximate communication device so as to capacitively send a cryptographic key from the interactive communication device to the proximate communication device. The radio transceiver may be configured to communicate with a radio transceiver of the proximate communication device via a radio channel. The interactive communication device may be configured to subsequently exchange encrypted communications with the proximate communication device over the radio channel. The encrypted communications may be encrypted using the cryptographic key.

Disclosed is a touch display device with tactile feedback function, including a first substrate (10), a second substrate (20), a liquid crystal layer (30), a patterned conductive layer (50) and an insulation layer (40); the patterned conductive layer (50) comprises a plurality of first signal lines (1) which are separately arranged in parallel and extended along a horizontal direction, and a plurality of second signal lines (2) which are separately arranged in parallel, and extended along a vertical direction, and insulated with the first signal lines (1); a side of the second substrate (20) close to the liquid crystal layer (30) includes a plurality of third signal lines (3) which are separately arranged in parallel along the vertical direction; the touch scan is achieved with the first and the third signal lines (1, 3), and the tactile feedback is achieved with the first and the second signal lines (1, 2).

A touch window according to the present invention comprises: a cover substrate; a resin layer on the cover substrate; a substrate on the resin layer; and an electrode on the substrate, wherein the resin layer is arranged with a thickness of 1 μm to 10 μm to prevent external defects that can occur when the touch window is bent or folded, such as exposure of the resin layer, or separation or damage to the cover substrate or substrate, thereby allowing improved reliability to be exhibited.

A plurality of excitation electrodes, each disposed along a row direction, are provided on a back side of a transparent substrate, and a plurality of detection electrodes, each disposed along a column direction, a plurality of tactile sensation generation row electrodes, each disposed along the row direction, and a plurality of tactile sensation generation column electrodes, each disposed along the column direction, are provided on the front side of the transparent substrate. The front side of the transparent substrate is defined as an operation screen. The excitation electrodes and the tactile sensation generation row electrodes are formed independently of each other, and the detection electrodes and the tactile sensation generation column electrodes are formed independently of each other. In the configuration, the excitation electrodes among the electrodes are situated furthest from the operation screen.