A memory system and an operating method thereof are disclosed. An operating method of a memory system including a nonvolatile memory device and a controller configured to control the nonvolatile memory device includes the controller updating original data of firmware stored in the nonvolatile memory device, the controller transmitting a notification signal, which notifies a host device of completion of the updating of the original data, to the host device when the updating of the original data is completed, and the controller updating backup data of the firmware stored in the nonvolatile memory device after the notification signal is transmitted.

An example computing device includes a controller to control operation of a firmware subsystem of the computing device. The controller is separate from a main processor of the computing device. A memory stores subsystem data that is useable by the controller. The subsystem data includes recovery information executable by the controller to initiate recovery of the subsystem. The computing device further includes recovery coordination instructions. The recovery coordination instructions determine integrity of the recovery information as stored on the memory and. In response to determining that the recovery information lacks integrity, the recovery coordination instructions initiate recovery of the firmware subsystem using a backup of the recovery information and perform recovery of the firmware subsystem using an update to the firmware subsystem.

A shared-nothing database system is provided in which parallelism and workload balancing are increased by assigning the rows of each table to “slices”, and storing multiple copies (“duplicas”) of each slice across the persistent storage of multiple nodes of the shared-nothing database system. When the data for a table is distributed among the nodes of a shared-nothing system in this manner, requests to read data from a particular row of the table may be handled by any node that stores a duplica of the slice to which the row is assigned. For each slice, a single duplica of the slice is designated as the “primary duplica”. All DML operations (e.g. inserts, deletes, updates, etc.) that target a particular row of the table are performed by the node that has the primary duplica of the slice to which the particular row is assigned. The changes made by the DML operations are then propagated from the primary duplica to the other duplicas (“secondary duplicas”) of the same slice.

The disclosure herein describes tracking changes to a stale component using a synchronization bitmap. A first component of a plurality of mirrored components of the distributed data object becomes available from an unavailable state, and a stale log sequence number (LSN) and a last committed LSN are identified. A synchronization bitmap of the first component associated with a range of LSNs (e.g., from the stale LSN to the last committed LSN) is created and configured to track changes to data blocks of the first component. A second component is identified based on the second component including a tracking bitmap associated with an LSN that matches the stale LSN of the first component. The first component is synchronized with data from the second component based on, wherein the synchronizing includes updating the synchronization bitmap to track changes made to data blocks of the first component.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method for storage management, an electronic device, and a computer program product. According to an example implementation of the present disclosure, a method for storage management is provided, which comprises receiving an access request for target metadata from a user at a node among a plurality of nodes included in a data protection system, wherein the access request includes an identification of the target metadata; based on the identification, acquiring target access information corresponding to the identification from a set of access information for the user, wherein the target access information records information related to access to the target metadata; and if the target access information is acquired, determining the target metadata based on the target access information.

Backup data equivalent to the maximum number of generations to be held can be secured even when backup data is locked. When locking of prohibiting overwrite of one or more storage areas is performed, a backup server prepares a new backup management table and uses the backup management table and an archive management table, which is the past backup management table, to store the backup data equivalent to the maximum number of generations to be held into a storage system.

Methods and apparatus for protecting data. Backup copies of data are created in real time and restoration of this backup data is enabled. For example, backup repositories of files stored in a primary storage device of a computer system may be created by examining information concerning the files to determine critical fields therein, and storage of the critical fields to a critical storage device and of non-critical fields and tags that are substituted for the critical fields to a context storage device effected. Following compromise of the files stored in the primary storage device, accesses by applications may be directed to the context storage device, e.g., as a means of rapid failover, and/or for each file stored in the context storage device, record-by-record copying of such files to the primary storage device may be effected to restore the contents of the primary storage device.

Due to the threat of virus attacks and ransom ware, an apparatus and methods for protecting backup storage devices from malicious software virus attacks is explored. An independent backup storage system is connected to a primary storage server over an undiscoverable communications line. The backup storage system is a read-only backup storage system most of the time buffering the backup storage system from a virus or attack on the primary storage server. The backup storage system changes from a read-only backup storage system to a read/write backup storage system only during a backup window of time where data is backed up to the backup storage system. A snapshot of the backup data is maintained in the backup storage system and can be made available at numerous points of time in the past if the data primary storage server becomes corrupted.

A system according to certain aspects may include a client computing device including: a database application configured to output a database file in a primary storage device(s), the database application outputting the database file as a series of application-level blocks; and a data agent configured to divide the database file into a plurality of first blocks having a first granularity larger than a second granularity of the application-level blocks such that each of the first blocks spans a plurality of the application-level blocks. The system may include a secondary storage controller computer(s) configured to: in response to instructions to create a secondary copy of the database file: copy the plurality of first blocks to a secondary storage device(s) to create a secondary copy of the database file; and create a table that provides a mapping between the copied plurality of first blocks and corresponding locations on the secondary storage device(s).

An illustrative method includes determining an encryption indicator for a first recovery dataset by determining a difference in an amount or percentage of incompressible data associated with the first recovery dataset compared to an amount or percentage of incompressible data associated with a second recovery dataset that temporally precedes the first recovery dataset, the encryption indicator representative of data within or represented by the first recovery dataset that cannot be compressed more than a threshold amount; and performing, based on the encryption indicator for the first recovery dataset, an action with respect to the second recovery dataset, wherein the second recovery dataset is usable to restore data maintained by a storage system to a second state corresponding to a second point in time that temporally precedes a first point in time corresponding to the first recovery dataset.