Disclosed is a water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) double emulsion including a first water phase, an oil phase and a second water phase, wherein the W/O/W double emulsion is disposed in an isotonic solution, and related methods of making the W/O/W double emulsion. Also disclosed is a method of making an artificial antigen presenting cell including: providing a W/O/W double emulsion that is stored in an isotonic solution, wherein the W/O/W double emulsion includes a peptide associated with a Major Histocompatibility (pMHC) complex or a glycolipid antigen associated with a CD1d molecule, and a costimulatory molecule; and transferring the W/O/W double emulsion to an electrolyte solution, wherein the double emulsion undergoes a morphological transformation to become the artificial antigen presenting cell. Also disclosed is a method of drug delivery including administering to a subject a unilamellar vesicle containing the drug. Other methods relate to storing a protein including making a water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) double emulsion, wherein the W/O/W double emulsion includes the protein, and wherein the W/O/W double emulsion is configured to be stably stored.

Methods for the formulation of biodegradable microparticles for delivery of protein drugs, such as botulinum toxin, have been developed. The methods include the steps of precipitating and washing proteins with organic solvent to remove water prior to dispersing in polymer-dissolved organic solvent to prevent exposure to water/solvent interfaces and maintain bioactivity of the protein drugs and fabrication of microparticles by either template or emulsion method. Biodegradable microparticles, formed of one or more biodegradable polymers having entrapped in the polymer one or more protein agents, such as botulinum toxin, are also provided. Precipitated botulinum toxin and botulinum toxin-loaded microparticles can also be formulated into thermogels or crosslinked hydrogels. The stability of the protein within these microparticles, as well as the controlled release of the entrapped agents, provides for sustained efficacy of the agents.

Methods for the formulation of biodegradable microparticles for delivery of protein drugs, such as botulinum toxin, have been developed. The methods include the steps of precipitating and washing proteins with organic solvent to remove water prior to dispersing in polymer-dissolved organic solvent to prevent exposure to water/solvent interfaces and maintain bioactivity of the protein drugs and fabrication of microparticles by either template or emulsion method. Biodegradable microparticles, formed of one or more biodegradable polymers having entrapped in the polymer one or more protein agents, such as botulinum toxin, are also provided. Precipitated botulinum toxin and botulinum toxin-loaded microparticles can also be formulated into thermogels or crosslinked hydrogels. The stability of the protein within these microparticles, as well as the controlled release of the entrapped agents, provides for sustained efficacy of the agents.

The invention relates generally to vaccine compositions that are capable of eliciting and sustaining an immune response in a subject. The vaccine composition comprises a water-in-oil emulsion and a plurality of immunogen loaded hydrogel particles surrounded with a cationic polymer shell dispersed in the aqueous phase of the emulsion.

A multilayer nano-cell includes an innermost water phase core including biomolecules in an aqueous solution; a first layer, including an oil phase layer encapsulating the innermost water phase core, thereby forming a water-in-oil structure, the oil phase layer including caprylic/capric triglyceride and macrogol-35-glycerol-rizinoleat; a second layer, including a water phase layer encapsulating the first layer, the water phase layer including hyaluronic acid, Cu-GHK tripeptide, palmitoyl-KTTKS pentapeptide, and hexapeptide argireline; a third layer, including another oil phase layer encapsulating the second layer; a fourth layer, including another water phase layer encapsulating the third layer; a fifth layer, including another oil phase layer encapsulating the fourth layer; and a sixth layer, including an outmost cream layer encapsulating the fifth layer.

A multilayer nano-cell includes an innermost water phase core including biomolecules in an aqueous solution; a first layer, including an oil phase layer encapsulating the innermost water phase core, thereby forming a water-in-oil structure, the oil phase layer including caprylic/capric triglyceride and macrogol-35-glycerol-rizinoleat; a second layer, including a water phase layer encapsulating the first layer, the water phase layer including hyaluronic acid, Cu-GHK tripeptide, palmitoyl-KTTKS pentapeptide, and hexapeptide argireline; a third layer, including another oil phase layer encapsulating the second layer; a fourth layer, including another water phase layer encapsulating the third layer; a fifth layer, including another oil phase layer encapsulating the fourth layer; and a sixth layer, including an outmost cream layer encapsulating the fifth layer.

Microemulsions are disclosed herein that include a discontinuous internal phase comprising an aqueous solution encompassed within an internal emulsifier; a continuous oil phase encompassing the internal phase; and an external emulsifier encompassing the oil phase. Also disclosed are methods for the use of such microemulsions as drug delivery devices, and methods for treating glaucoma and reducing intraocular pressure.

Microemulsions are disclosed herein that include a discontinuous internal phase comprising an aqueous solution encompassed within an internal emulsifier; a continuous oil phase encompassing the internal phase; and an external emulsifier encompassing the oil phase. Also disclosed are methods for the use of such microemulsions as drug delivery devices, and methods for treating glaucoma and reducing intraocular pressure.

A water-in-oil-in-water (W.sub.1/O/W.sub.2) emulsion comprising a lipid phase (O) and a water phase (W.sub.2), the lipid phase being distributed inside the water phase, wherein the lipid phase contains water droplets (W.sub.1), wherein the water content inside the lipid phase is between 10 wt % and 80 wt % relative to total weight of the lipid phase, wherein the water droplets are stabilized inside the lipid phase by an emulsifier composition, wherein the emulsifier composition comprises an Acetone-insoluble (AI) component containing a Phosphatidyl Choline (PC), a Phosphatidyl Inositol (PI), a Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine (PE) and a Phosphatidic Acid (PA), wherein PC is at most 15.5% relative to the total weight of the emulsifier composition and wherein the emulsifier composition has a phospholipid weight ratio R of at most 65%, the ratio R being defined according to Formula R(in %)=100(PC+PI+PE+PA)/AI.

A water-in-oil-in-water (W.sub.1/O/W.sub.2) emulsion comprising a lipid phase (O) and a water phase (W.sub.2), the lipid phase being distributed inside the water phase, wherein the lipid phase contains water droplets (W.sub.1), wherein the water content inside the lipid phase is between 10 wt % and 80 wt % relative to total weight of the lipid phase, wherein the water droplets are stabilized inside the lipid phase by an emulsifier composition, wherein the emulsifier composition comprises an Acetone-insoluble (AI) component containing a Phosphatidyl Choline (PC), a Phosphatidyl Inositol (PI), a Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine (PE) and a Phosphatidic Acid (PA), wherein PC is at most 15.5% relative to the total weight of the emulsifier composition and wherein the emulsifier composition has a phospholipid weight ratio R of at most 65%, the ratio R being defined according to Formula R(in %)=100(PC+PI+PE+PA)/AI.