A technique includes processing first data representing a description of a page of a document that is associated with a plurality of cell lines and a plurality of objects to generate second data. The second data represents, for a given cell line of a plurality of cell lines, whether objects of the plurality of objects intersect in the given cell line. The technique includes generating raster image data for the given cell line for a printer based on the second data.

In an example, a method includes rasterizing a seed image using a processor. A plurality of rasterized modified images may be generated from the rasterized seed image. Generating each rasterized modified image may include determining an image attribute modification and applying the determined image attribute modification to at least a portion of the rasterized seed image to generate the rasterized modified image.

An image processing apparatus performs a first generation process generating first partial print data by a first color conversion process using a first profile corresponding to a first direction, and a second generation process generating second partial print data using a second color conversion process using a second profile. When a color difference is smaller than a reference, the apparatus sets a printing direction to the first direction, and outputs the first partial print data to a print execution unit for printing the first partial print data while the main scan moves in the first direction. When the color difference is larger than or equal to the reference, the apparatus sets the printing direction to the second direction, and outputs the second partial print data to the print execution unit for printing the second partial print data while the main scan moves in the second direction.

An image forming method uses a memory, forms an image on a print medium using color materials of L colors, and includes: setting N groups associated for respective N objects including a plurality of scanning lines and reproduced with the color materials of the L colors; calculating a relative address that stores tone data representing a tone of one color material among the color materials of the L colors based on coordinates of a plurality of pixels forming the plurality of scanning lines to calculate L addresses separated by shifting the relative address using a predetermined offset address; and transmitting and receiving L tone data representing tones of respective L color materials for reproducing colors of the plurality of pixels forming the scanning lines by using the L addresses to/from the memory via L channels among M (M is an integer larger than N) communication channels.

An image forming apparatus includes a controller. The controller generates page images of one or more pages by performing image processing on acquired input image data. The controller determines a job generation method to be either a first method or a second method. The job generation method is a method through which print job data is generated. The first method is a method through which the print job data is generated based on page image data indicating a page image of one page among the one or more pages upon completing the image processing on the page image of the one page. The second method is a method through which the print job data is generated based on the page image data of all pages included in the output image after completing the image processing on the page images of all the pages included in the output image.

A printing apparatus, including a printing device, a communication interface, a memory, and a controller, is provided. In a case where the controller determines that an image in image data is to be rotated and that a predetermined condition is satisfied, the controller conducts rotation of the image in the image data concurrently with rasterization of the image data and stores raster data including the rotated image in the memory. In a case where the controller determines that the image in the image data is to be rotated and that the predetermined condition is not satisfied, the controller conducts rasterization of the image data without rotating the image in the image data, and rotates a raster image in the raster data stored in the memory and generates the print data from the raster data including the rotated raster image.

An apparatus including a first memory area and a second memory area is provided with a control method including specifying one or a plurality of types of image processing to be applied in the first memory area, specifying a size of obtainment target image data as a predetermined size based on a memory capacity of the second memory area and a content of the specified one or plurality of types of image processing; and obtaining first divided image data having the specified predetermined size in predetermined image data.

A memory control method generates processing priority data that represents a priority of processing in controlling a memory, generates write control data including write data and the processing priority data, generates read control data including the processing priority data, stores the write control data and the read control data in an arbitration queue, executes an arbitration that determines a priority order of processing taking the write control data and the read control data that are stored in the arbitration queue as targets, and changes the processing priority data every time a predetermined time elapses. The arbitration raises a priority order taking the write control data or the read control data that includes the processing priority data as a timeout request when the processing priority data has passed a preliminarily set threshold by the change.

An image processing apparatus performs a first generation process generating first partial print data by a first color conversion process using a first profile corresponding to a first direction, and a second generation process generating second partial print data using a second color conversion process using a second profile. When a color difference is smaller than a reference, the apparatus sets a printing direction to the first direction, and outputs the first partial print data to a print execution unit for printing the first partial print data while the main scan moves in the first direction. When the color difference is larger than or equal to the reference, the apparatus sets the printing direction to the second direction, and outputs the second partial print data to the print execution unit for printing the second partial print data while the main scan moves in the second direction.

An image forming apparatus includes: a hardware processor that: generates image data for composition; and divides the image data for composition into bands; an output memory; a storage that determines whether image data of each band coincides with image data of another band, secures a unique region, transfers the image data of the band to the unique region and associates the band with the unique region, secures common regions, transfers the image data of one of the bands to the common region and associates any one of the common regions to each of the bands; a reader that reads the image data from the region associated with each band and outputs the image data for composition; a composer that composes the image data for composition with the image data to be printed; and an image former that forms an image based on the composed image data.