The present disclosure provides methods and formulations for treating a patient suffering from one or more of chronic inflammatory injury, metaplasia, dysplasia or cancer of esophageal tissue and gastric tissue, which method comprises administering to the patient an agent that selectively kills or inhibits the proliferation or differentiation of pathogenic Barrett's Esophagus stem cells (BESCs) or Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia stem cells (GIMSCs) relative to normal regenerative esophageal stem cells or gastric stem cells in the tissue in which the BESCs or GIMSCs are found.

The present disclosure provides methods and formulations for treating a patient suffering from one or more of chronic inflammatory injury, metaplasia, dysplasia or cancer of esophageal tissue and gastric tissue, which method comprises administering to the patient an agent that selectively kills or inhibits the proliferation or differentiation of pathogenic Barrett's Esophagus stem cells (BESCs) or Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia stem cells (GIMSCs) relative to normal regenerative esophageal stem cells or gastric stem cells in the tissue in which the BESCs or GIMSCs are found.

Described herein is a nanoparticle system including a multivalent nanoparticle core having a plurality of β-hairpin peptides conjugated thereto. Also included are pharmaceutical compositions and methods of making the nanoparticle system. Further included are immunotherapy methods including administering the nanoparticle system to a subject in need thereof, such as a human cancer patient.

The disclosure features immune cell delivery lipid nanoparticle (LNP) compositions that allow for enhanced delivery of agents, e.g., nucleic acids, such as therapeutic and/or prophylactic RNAs, to immune cells, in particular T cells, as well as B cells, dendritic cells and monocytes. The LNPs comprise an effective amount of an immune cell delivery potentiating lipid such that delivery of an agent by an immune cell delivery LNP is enhanced as compared to an LNP lacking the immune cell delivery potentiating agent. Methods of using the immune cell delivery LNPs for delivery of agents, e.g., nucleic acid delivery, for protein expression, for modulating immune cell activity and modulating immune responses are also disclosed.

A medicinal chewing gum has an inner core containing a first gum base and a first cannabinoid in a lipophilic nanosized form and an outer layer containing a second gum base and a second cannabinoid in a hydrophilic nanosized form, thereby providing quick release of the second cannabinoid in the outer layer and sustained release of the first cannabinoid in the inner layer. At least one of the inner core and the outer layer contains a synergistic compound having a synergistic effect with at least one of the first and second cannabinoids in the treatment of a medical condition.

A medicinal chewing gum has an inner core containing a first gum base and a first cannabinoid in a lipophilic nanosized form and an outer layer containing a second gum base and a second cannabinoid in a hydrophilic nanosized form, thereby providing quick release of the second cannabinoid in the outer layer and sustained release of the first cannabinoid in the inner layer. At least one of the inner core and the outer layer contains a synergistic compound having a synergistic effect with at least one of the first and second cannabinoids in the treatment of a medical condition.

Nanoparticles comprising resiniferatoxin (RTX) encapsulated in a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) polymer and compositions, especially topical compositions, comprising the nanoparticles. The compositions can be used as topical formulations for ameliorating pain, including for diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy.

Certain embodiments are directed to compositions and related methods for oral delivery of compositions for effective administration of leptin pathway modulating agents (e.g., leptin, anti-leptin antibodies, anti-leptin receptor antibodies and the like), the composition including an ionic liquid (e.g., CAGE) or a beta-glucan composition and a leptin pathway modulator for reducing or maintaining body weight. In certain aspects the leptin pathway modulator is leptin or an anti-leptin antibody. An ionic liquid (IL) is a salt in the liquid state.

The present disclosure relates to methods for increasing telomere length in one or more human cells and/or increasing genome stability of one or more human cells, for example by contacting one or more human cells with an agent that increases expression of Zscan4 in the one or more human cells. Methods of treating a subject in need of telomere lengthening, treating a disease or condition associated with a genomic and/or chromosome abnormality, of rejuvenating one or more human cells, of rejuvenating tissues or organs, and of rejuvenating a subject in need thereof, for example by contacting one or more human cells in the subject with an agent that increases expression of Zscan4, or by administering to a subject in need thereof, an agent that increases expression of Zscan4 are also provided.

The present disclosure relates to methods for increasing telomere length in one or more human cells and/or increasing genome stability of one or more human cells, for example by contacting one or more human cells with an agent that increases expression of Zscan4 in the one or more human cells. Methods of treating a subject in need of telomere lengthening, treating a disease or condition associated with a genomic and/or chromosome abnormality, of rejuvenating one or more human cells, of rejuvenating tissues or organs, and of rejuvenating a subject in need thereof, for example by contacting one or more human cells in the subject with an agent that increases expression of Zscan4, or by administering to a subject in need thereof, an agent that increases expression of Zscan4 are also provided.