Hypotonic microbicidal compositions including an antimicrobial, such as an antiviral compound, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier in a solution formulation having hypotonic osmolarity have been developed for administration rectally to the gastrointestinal mucosa. In a preferred embodiment for use in preventing or decreasing HIV infection, the microbicidal is tenofovir, or a prodrug or derivative thereof. The formulations may include additional agents such as surfactants to enhance cleansing, buffers, or preservatives. Polymers may be included for osmolarity as well as comfort.

The present embodiments are directed to compositions of quinones and/or quinols, such as, but not limited to, ubiquinone and/or ubiquinol, vitamin E quinone and/or vitamin E quinol, vitamin K quinone and/or vitamin K quinol, menaquinones and/or menaquinols, and pyrroloquinoline quinone and/or pyrroloquinoline quinol, and methods for preparations and use thereof. The present embodiments are also directed to compositions of reduced forms of curcuminoid and methods for preparations and use thereof.

The present embodiments are directed to compositions of quinones and/or quinols, such as, but not limited to, ubiquinone and/or ubiquinol, vitamin E quinone and/or vitamin E quinol, vitamin K quinone and/or vitamin K quinol, menaquinones and/or menaquinols, and pyrroloquinoline quinone and/or pyrroloquinoline quinol, and methods for preparations and use thereof. The present embodiments are also directed to compositions of reduced forms of curcuminoid and methods for preparations and use thereof.

A formulation for oral administration comprises an expectorant, an analgesic, and at least one additional active ingredient having a modified release providing a therapeutic effect for each of the active ingredients for up to 12 hours.

A formulation for oral administration comprises an expectorant, an analgesic, and at least one additional active ingredient having a modified release providing a therapeutic effect for each of the active ingredients for up to 12 hours.

A formulation for oral administration comprises an expectorant, an analgesic, and at least one additional active ingredient having a modified release providing a therapeutic effect for each of the active ingredients for up to 12 hours.

Disclosed are compositions of matter, protocols and treatment means for reducing and/or preventing opioid addiction. In one embodiment the invention teaches intranasal administration of umbilical cord blood plasma, or extracts thereof, together with pterostilbene or pterostilbene containing nanoparticles, and/or oxytocin, and/or human chorionic gonadotropin.

Disclosed are compositions of matter, protocols and treatment means for reducing and/or preventing opioid addiction. In one embodiment the invention teaches intranasal administration of umbilical cord blood plasma, or extracts thereof, together with pterostilbene or pterostilbene containing nanoparticles, and/or oxytocin, and/or human chorionic gonadotropin.

Disclosed are compositions of matter, protocols and treatment means for reducing and/or preventing opioid addiction. In one embodiment the invention teaches intranasal administration of umbilical cord blood plasma, or extracts thereof, together with pterostilbene or pterostilbene containing nanoparticles, and/or oxytocin, and/or human chorionic gonadotropin.

Excipient compositions including a combination of excipients for mucoadhesive pharmaceutical compositions that improve mucoadhesiveness power, as well as release of and adhesion time of suitable active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are disclosed. The excipient compositions include an aqueous solution with a synergistic combination of polymers, such as, for example amylopectin, pullulan, hyaluronic acid, and tamarind xyloglucan, among others. These polymers have been demonstrated to improve the release of as well as the adhesion time of APIs onto mucosa membrane. Mucoadhesive pharmaceutical compositions that include excipient compositions include suitable APIs, such as, for example analgesics, anesthetics, anthelmintics, anti-allergic agents, anti-fungals, antihistamines, anti-inflammatory agents, antimigraine agents, and hormones, among others. Mucoadhesive pharmaceutical compositions including excipient compositions are employed in the treatment of a plurality of mucous membrane diseases.