An organic compound represented by general formula (1) is a novel organic compound having an absorption band in the near infrared region, and is useful for infrared absorbing dyes, optical films, and organic electronic devices such as photoelectric conversion elements, wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.18 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group, a mercapto group, an alkylthio group, a nitro group, a substituted amino group, an amide group, an acyl group, a carboxyl group, an acyloxy group, a cyano group, a sulfo group, a sulfamoyl group, an alkylsulfamoyl group, a carbamoyl group, or an alkylcarbamoyl group; and X represents a substituted or unsubstituted methine group, a silylidyne group, a germylidyne group, a stannylidyne group, a nitrogen atom, a phosphorus atom, an arsenic atom, or an antimony atom. ##STR00001##

An organic compound represented by general formula (1) is a novel organic compound having an absorption band in the near infrared region, and is useful for infrared absorbing dyes, optical films, and organic electronic devices such as photoelectric conversion elements, wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.18 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group, a mercapto group, an alkylthio group, a nitro group, a substituted amino group, an amide group, an acyl group, a carboxyl group, an acyloxy group, a cyano group, a sulfo group, a sulfamoyl group, an alkylsulfamoyl group, a carbamoyl group, or an alkylcarbamoyl group; and X represents a substituted or unsubstituted methine group, a silylidyne group, a germylidyne group, a stannylidyne group, a nitrogen atom, a phosphorus atom, an arsenic atom, or an antimony atom. ##STR00001##

Techniques disclosed herein relate to holographic optical materials and elements. An example of a holographic recording material includes matrix monomers characterized by a first refractive index and configured to polymerize to form a polymer matrix, writing monomers dispersed in the matrix monomers and characterized by a second refractive index different from the first refractive index, and a photocatalyst for controlled radical polymerization of the writing monomers. The writing monomers are configured to polymerize upon exposed to recording light. The photocatalyst is dispersed in the matrix monomers. The photocatalyst includes, for example, a transition metal photocatalyst or a metal-free organic photocatalyst, such as a photocatalyst for atom transfer radical polymerization or a transition metal photocatalyst for addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization.

A grating coupler may be fabricated by exposing a photopolymer layer to grating forming light for forming periodic refractive index variations in the photopolymer layer. The photopolymer layer may be exposed to apodization light for reducing an amplitude of the periodic refractive index variations in a spatially-selective manner. The apodization may also be achieved or facilitated by subjecting outer surface(s) of the photopolymer layer to a chemically reactive agent that causes the refractive index contrast to be reduced near the surface(s) of application. The apodized refractive index profile of the gratings facilitates the reduction of optical crosstalk between different gratings of the grating coupler.

The present disclosure relates to a hologram recording medium having a main relaxation temperature (Tr) of 0° C. or less, wherein the Tr is a point where a rate of change of phase angle with respect to temperature is the largest in a range of −80° C. to 30° C. in dynamic mechanical analysis. The present disclosure also relates to an optical element including the same and a holographic recording method using the hologram recording medium.

To provide a hologram recording composition that can further improve diffraction characteristics and transparency of a hologram.

The present technology provides a hologram recording composition containing a heteropoly acid, a photopolymerizable monomer, a photopolymerization initiator, and a sensitizing dye having absorption in a visible light region in the presence of an acid. The present technology also provides a hologram recording medium including at least a photocurable resin layer containing a heteropoly acid, a photopolymerizable monomer, a photopolymerization initiator, and a sensitizing dye having absorption in a visible light region in the presence of an acid. Furthermore, the present technology also provides a diffraction optical element using the hologram recording medium. Moreover, the present technology also provides an optical device, an optical component, and an image display device using the diffraction optical element.

To provide a hologram recording composition that can further improve diffraction characteristics and transparency of a hologram.

The present technology provides a hologram recording composition containing a heteropoly acid, a photopolymerizable monomer, a photopolymerization initiator, and a sensitizing dye having absorption in a visible light region in the presence of an acid. The present technology also provides a hologram recording medium including at least a photocurable resin layer containing a heteropoly acid, a photopolymerizable monomer, a photopolymerization initiator, and a sensitizing dye having absorption in a visible light region in the presence of an acid. Furthermore, the present technology also provides a diffraction optical element using the hologram recording medium. Moreover, the present technology also provides an optical device, an optical component, and an image display device using the diffraction optical element.

The present disclosure relates to a photopolymer composition including a polymer matrix or a precursor thereof having a predetermined chemical structure; a photoreactive monomer; and a photoinitiator, a hologram recording medium, an optical element and a holographic recording method using the same.

To provide a photosensitive composition capable of further improving diffraction characteristics.

The present technology provides a photosensitive composition including: at least a compound represented by the following general formula (1); a binder resin; and a photoinitiator.

##STR00001##

In the general formula (1), X.sup.1 represents an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a phosphorus atom, a caron atom, or a silicon atom.

Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 each represent a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring, and both Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 do not represent benzene rings.

R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 each represent a hydrogen or a substituent group represented by *—Z.sup.1(R.sup.4).sub.d (* represents a bonding site).

Z.sup.1 represents a single bond, a saturated hydrocarbon group having a valence of 2 or higher, or an unsaturated hydrocarbon group having a valence of 2 or higher, and the saturated hydrocarbon group or the unsaturated hydrocarbon group may have an ether bond and/or a thioether bond.

R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen or a polymerizable substituent group.

A holographic recording medium composition contains an isocyanate group-containing compound (component (a-1)), an isocyanate-reactive functional group-containing compound (component (b-1)), a polymerizable monomer (component (c-1)), a photopolymerization initiator (component (d-1)), and a stable nitroxyl radical group-containing compound (component (e-1)). A ratio of the total weight of a propylene glycol unit and a tetramethylene glycol unit that are contained in the component (b-1) to the total weight of the component (a-1) and the component (b-1) is 30% or less.