A P2X.sub.4 receptor antagonist such as paroxetine, a diazepinedione derivative having the following formula (IX) is used as an agent for preventing or treating neuropathic pain associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen, a C.sub.1-8 alkyl group, or the like; each R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is hydrogen, a C.sub.1-8 alkyl group, or the like; each of R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 is hydrogen or the like; and W is a five-membered or six-membered heterocyclic ring optionally having one or more substituents and comprising one to four nitrogen atoms as the members of the ring.

A P2X.sub.4 receptor antagonist such as paroxetine, a diazepinedione derivative having the following formula (IX) is used as an agent for preventing or treating neuropathic pain associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen, a C.sub.1-8 alkyl group, or the like; each R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is hydrogen, a C.sub.1-8 alkyl group, or the like; each of R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 is hydrogen or the like; and W is a five-membered or six-membered heterocyclic ring optionally having one or more substituents and comprising one to four nitrogen atoms as the members of the ring.

A non-aqueous sustained release drug delivery system, which contains, based on the total weight of the sustained release drug delivery system, about 0.1-20% of an active agent, about 0.5-50% of a drug solvent, about 1-98% of a drug sustained release agent, about 0.1-85% of a drug solubilizer, about 0.1-10% of an efficacy enhancer, about 0-1% of an antioxidant, and about 0-8% of an acid-base regulator. The non-aqueous sustained release drug delivery system can yield an improved sustained release effect, improve bioavailability, and enhance the therapeutic effect.

A non-aqueous sustained release drug delivery system, which contains, based on the total weight of the sustained release drug delivery system, about 0.1-20% of an active agent, about 0.5-50% of a drug solvent, about 1-98% of a drug sustained release agent, about 0.1-85% of a drug solubilizer, about 0.1-10% of an efficacy enhancer, about 0-1% of an antioxidant, and about 0-8% of an acid-base regulator. The non-aqueous sustained release drug delivery system can yield an improved sustained release effect, improve bioavailability, and enhance the therapeutic effect.

Pressurized canisters coated with poly(fluoroalkylene) polymer or a copolymer of poly(fluoralkylenes) and containing a formulation comprising one or more active pharmaceutical ingredients comprising umeclidinium or a salt thereof, vilanterol or a salt thereof, or a combination of two or more of the foregoing, poly(ethylene glycol), and a propellant, inhalers comprising the pressurized canister, as well as methods of using the pressurized canisters and inhalers.

Pressurized canisters coated with poly(fluoroalkylene) polymer or a copolymer of poly(fluoralkylenes) and containing a formulation comprising one or more active pharmaceutical ingredients comprising umeclidinium or a salt thereof, vilanterol or a salt thereof, or a combination of two or more of the foregoing, poly(ethylene glycol), and a propellant, inhalers comprising the pressurized canister, as well as methods of using the pressurized canisters and inhalers.

In general, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI), muscarinic receptor antagonist, and carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and methods of treating Sleep Apnea comprising the administration of these pharmaceutical compositions.

In general, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI), muscarinic receptor antagonist, and carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and methods of treating Sleep Apnea comprising the administration of these pharmaceutical compositions.

In general, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI), muscarinic receptor antagonist, and carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and methods of treating Sleep Apnea comprising the administration of these pharmaceutical compositions.

This invention disclosed new use of R-terbutaline and other R-enantiomer β2-agonists as immune-modulators for treatment of bronchia-lung inflammatory symptoms or inflammatory fibrosis remolding. This invention also disclosed new use of R-terbutaline and R-β2-agonists for reduced adverse effects related to racemic or S-enantiomer β2-agonists including airway hyper responsiveness and airway fibrosis.