Substances and methods are dislosed for reducing or preventing metastatic behaviour in VGSC expressing cancer by the effect of at least reducing the persistent part of the voltage gated sodium channel current without eliminating the transient part. Inhibition of metastatic cell behaviours such as detachability, lateral motility, transverse migration and invasiveness is demonstrated using the known drugs ranolazine and riluzole.

Substances and methods are dislosed for reducing or preventing metastatic behaviour in VGSC expressing cancer by the effect of at least reducing the persistent part of the voltage gated sodium channel current without eliminating the transient part. Inhibition of metastatic cell behaviours such as detachability, lateral motility, transverse migration and invasiveness is demonstrated using the known drugs ranolazine and riluzole.

The invention discloses that ER-negative breast cancers can be converted into ER positive breast cancers, such as to a breast cancer of luminal-like phenotype by treatment with anti-PDGF-CC antibodies. ER-positive breast cancers, including luminal-like breast cancers can be treated with anti-estrogen treatment. On this basis the invention discloses that surprisingly, ER-negative breast cancers can be treated with anti-estrogen treatment, if the treatment is combined with treatment with anti-PDGF-CC antibodies. Said treatment may for example be an adjuvant treatment, for example a treatment aiming at reducing the risk of relapse of a breast cancer after removal of the primary tumor by surgery.

The invention discloses that ER-negative breast cancers can be converted into ER positive breast cancers, such as to a breast cancer of luminal-like phenotype by treatment with anti-PDGF-CC antibodies. ER-positive breast cancers, including luminal-like breast cancers can be treated with anti-estrogen treatment. On this basis the invention discloses that surprisingly, ER-negative breast cancers can be treated with anti-estrogen treatment, if the treatment is combined with treatment with anti-PDGF-CC antibodies. Said treatment may for example be an adjuvant treatment, for example a treatment aiming at reducing the risk of relapse of a breast cancer after removal of the primary tumor by surgery.

The invention discloses that ER-negative breast cancers can be converted into ER positive breast cancers, such as to a breast cancer of luminal-like phenotype by treatment with anti-PDGF-CC antibodies. ER-positive breast cancers, including luminal-like breast cancers can be treated with anti-estrogen treatment. On this basis the invention discloses that surprisingly, ER-negative breast cancers can be treated with anti-estrogen treatment, if the treatment is combined with treatment with anti-PDGF-CC antibodies. Said treatment may for example be an adjuvant treatment, for example a treatment aiming at reducing the risk of relapse of a breast cancer after removal of the primary tumor by surgery.

The present invention provides a method of treating a disease or condition characterized by inflammation in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a Pediococcus acidilactici probiotic. Compositions of Pediococcus acidilactici probiotic are also provided.

The present invention provides a method of treating a disease or condition characterized by inflammation in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a Pediococcus acidilactici probiotic. Compositions of Pediococcus acidilactici probiotic are also provided.

Methods and apparatuses for the therapeutic delivery of nicotine for smoking cessation, harm reduction and/or substitution. Furthermore, the devices and methods herein are useful as an alternative, general nicotine delivery system in place of tobacco combustion or high temperature (over 150 degrees C.) products. In addition, the methods and devices herein are useful for the therapeutic delivery of a drug, for reducing the cumulative drug dose and hence its potential toxic side effects, while increasing its neurophysiological and/or physiological effects. Moreover, the devices and methods herein are useful for addiction treatment or reduction. In certain embodiments, the methods are adaptable to a medicament delivery device that determines a sequence of drug doses to be delivered. Dose information may be used to control operation of the device.

Methods and apparatuses for the therapeutic delivery of nicotine for smoking cessation, harm reduction and/or substitution. Furthermore, the devices and methods herein are useful as an alternative, general nicotine delivery system in place of tobacco combustion or high temperature (over 150 degrees C.) products. In addition, the methods and devices herein are useful for the therapeutic delivery of a drug, for reducing the cumulative drug dose and hence its potential toxic side effects, while increasing its neurophysiological and/or physiological effects. Moreover, the devices and methods herein are useful for addiction treatment or reduction. In certain embodiments, the methods are adaptable to a medicament delivery device that determines a sequence of drug doses to be delivered. Dose information may be used to control operation of the device.

Embodiments provided herein include methods, compositions, and uses of aromatic alcohols to increase the potency of antifungal agents.