Disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions and related methods for treating a subject with a viral or retroviral infection. The disclosed compositions and methods comprise and utilize an effective amount of one or more vanadium-containing compounds and an effective amount of one or more sulfonylureas. In certain embodiments, the viral infection is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the compositions and methods improve one or more immunologic cellular parameters, such as viral load, CD4 counts and CD4/CD8 lymphocyte cell ratios in a subject. Also disclosed are methods of improving one or more immunologic cellular parameters that are associated with viral infections such as HIV in a subject, including viral load, CD4 counts and CD4/CD8 lymphocyte cell ratios.

Antiseptic pharmaceutical composition useful for the treatment of painful lesions in oral mucosa, ulcerative and inflammatory lesions of different origin and the treatment and/or prevention of oral mucositis and stomatitis.

Antiseptic pharmaceutical composition useful for the treatment of painful lesions in oral mucosa, ulcerative and inflammatory lesions of different origin and the treatment and/or prevention of oral mucositis and stomatitis.

Antiseptic pharmaceutical composition useful for the treatment of painful lesions in oral mucosa, ulcerative and inflammatory lesions of different origin and the treatment and/or prevention of oral mucositis and stomatitis.

A composition comprising a novel Ca.sup.2+-activated, [ATP].sub.i-sensitive nonspecific cation (NC.sub.Ca-ATP) channel is described. The channel is found in mammalian neural cells and exhibits a different sensitivity to block by various adenine nucleotides, and is activated by submicromolar [Ca].sub.i. The NC.sub.Ca-ATP channel is activated under conditions of ATP depletion, which causes severe cell depolarization, followed by cell swelling. The NC.sub.Ca-ATP channel is regulated by a sulfonylurea receptor and is inhibited by sulfonylurea compounds glibenclamide and tolbutamide. Methods employing compositions comprising the NC.sub.Ca-ATP channel to screen for compounds that block the channel and the use of such antagonists as therapeutics in preventing brain swelling and damage are described. In addition, methods employing compositions comprising the Kir2.3 channel to screen for compounds that open the channel and the use of such antagonists as therapeutics in preventing brain swelling and damage are described.

A composition comprising a novel Ca.sup.2+-activated, [ATP].sub.i-sensitive nonspecific cation (NC.sub.Ca-ATP) channel is described. The channel is found in mammalian neural cells and exhibits a different sensitivity to block by various adenine nucleotides, and is activated by submicromolar [Ca].sub.i. The NC.sub.Ca-ATP channel is activated under conditions of ATP depletion, which causes severe cell depolarization, followed by cell swelling. The NC.sub.Ca-ATP channel is regulated by a sulfonylurea receptor and is inhibited by sulfonylurea compounds glibenclamide and tolbutamide. Methods employing compositions comprising the NC.sub.Ca-ATP channel to screen for compounds that block the channel and the use of such antagonists as therapeutics in preventing brain swelling and damage are described. In addition, methods employing compositions comprising the Kir2.3 channel to screen for compounds that open the channel and the use of such antagonists as therapeutics in preventing brain swelling and damage are described.

The present invention relates to a neurodegenerative disease treatment use, which is a novel use of Ramalin, and, more specifically, to a composition for preventing or treating neurodegenerative diseases, containing Ramalin, which has an inflammasome and BACE1 expression inhibitory activity. Ramalin according to the present invention has an effect of improving a cognitive ability by inhibiting the expression of an inflammatory factor, which contains an NLRP inflammasome protein, and BACE1, and is thus useful for preventing or treating memory disorder and neurodegenerative diseases.

The invention relates generally to a composition and method for increasing the frequency, amount, or presence of red blood cells in peripheral blood. In one embodiment, the invention comprises the inhibition of, or genetic modification of the genes encoding, one or more scavenger receptors. In one aspect, the invention relates to treatments of anemia.

The invention relates generally to a composition and method for increasing the frequency, amount, or presence of red blood cells in peripheral blood. In one embodiment, the invention comprises the inhibition of, or genetic modification of the genes encoding, one or more scavenger receptors. In one aspect, the invention relates to treatments of anemia.

Eflornithine is an agent that can be used to treat glioma, especially glioma of WHO Grade II or Grade III such as anaplastic glioma. Eflornithine can suppress or prevent mutations in glioma which can cause the glioma to progress to a higher grade. Compositions and methods can include eflornithine or a derivative or analog of eflornithine, together with other agents such as conventional anti-neoplastic agents for treatment of glioma, inhibitors of polyamine transport, polyamine analogs, or S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase inhibitors.