In an example, a circuit includes a first comparator, a second comparator, a pulse counter, a processor, a first ADC, and a second ADC. The first comparator has a first input coupled to a first node, a second input, and an output. The second comparator has a first input coupled to a second node, a second input, and an output. A first DAC is coupled to the second input of the first comparator. A second DAC is coupled to the second input of the second comparator. The pulse counter has a first input coupled to the output of the first comparator and a second input coupled to the output of the second comparator. The first ADC has an input coupled to the first node and an output coupled to the processor. The second ADC has an input coupled to the second node and an output coupled to the processor.

A length-measuring device includes a scanning carriage for scanning a measuring graduation that is to be guided longitudinally in the measurement direction on a guide surface. A coupling couples the scanning carriage to a drive dog rigidly in the measurement direction and resiliently transversely to the measurement direction. A first spring is disposed between a connecting element of the coupling and the drive dog and exerts a pressure force on the scanning carriage at a first position so as to press the scanning carriage against the guide surface. A second spring is disposed between the connecting element and the scanning carriage. The second spring is spaced apart from the first spring in the measurement direction and exerts a pressure force on the scanning carriage at a second position spaced apart from the first position in the measurement direction so as to press the scanning carriage against the guide surface.

A length measuring device includes a carrier with a scale which extends longitudinally in a measuring direction. A scanning carriage for scanning a measuring graduation of the scale is longitudinally guided in the measuring direction, and, via a coupling, is rigidly coupled to a driver in the measuring direction and transversely thereto coupled to it in a flexible manner. The coupling includes a coupling element arranged between a first coupling point on the scanning carriage and a second coupling point on the driver. At the second coupling point, the coupling element is attached via a solid-body joint that is designed to carry the coupling element so as to be freely rotatable in relation to the driver about an axis of rotation which runs perpendicularly to a plane of the measuring graduation. The coupling element has a lower density than steel and/or a higher modulus of elasticity than steel.

In an example, a circuit includes a first comparator, a second comparator, a pulse counter, a processor, a first ADC, and a second ADC. The first comparator has a first input coupled to a first node, a second input, and an output. The second comparator has a first input coupled to a second node, a second input, and an output. A first DAC is coupled to the second input of the first comparator. A second DAC is coupled to the second input of the second comparator. The pulse counter has a first input coupled to the output of the first comparator and a second input coupled to the output of the second comparator. The first ADC has an input coupled to the first node and an output coupled to the processor. The second ADC has an input coupled to the second node and an output coupled to the processor.

An assembly comprises a support including a plurality of individual sections. A scale is disposed on the support. The scale extends in a longitudinal direction and has a measuring graduation for position measurement at least in the longitudinal direction. A plurality of fastening devices are configured to fasten the scale to the support. The fastening devices are disposed on the individual sections of the support.

There is provided a motor driving system in which an encoder sensor is configured to move with a driven object with respect to an encoder scale and output an encoder signal. A controller is configured to control a motor based on the encoder signal, thereby controlling movement of the driven object. The controller estimates an obstructing area. In the obstructing area, the encoder sensor reads a part of the encoder scale where an obstacle is adhered. The controller calculates a control error of the motor in the obstructing area based on the encoder signal output after the encoder sensor passes through the obstructing area, and determines a compensation amount of a controlling input value input during a period while the encoder sensor passes through the obstructing area.

A linear guide includes a guide carriage (1) arranged on a guide rail (2) so as to be longitudinally displaceable, and comprising a length measuring device (5) provided on the guide rail (2) for determining a position of the guide carriage (1), which length measuring device has two measuring heads (6) and two tracks (7, 8) arranged side-by-side on the guide rail (2), each of which tracks is assigned to one of the measuring heads (6). Each of said tracks (7, 8) has a plurality of dimensional measures (9, 14) arranged one behind the other along the track (7, 8), wherein in an overlapping region (x1, yn, z1), the dimensional measures (9, 14) of both tracks (7, 8) overlap each other.

An electric discharge machine is provided. The electric discharge machine includes: an axis drive part moving a tool electrode in at least one axial direction; and a sensor unit detecting a linear movement position of the axis drive part in the axial direction. The sensor unit includes a measurement scale having a linear shape, a position detector scanning the measurement scale and obtaining position information, and a pair of adjustment blocks fixed to both ends of the measurement scale or the position detector and erected perpendicular to an extension direction of the measurement scale. The adjustment blocks are fixed to the axis drive part and are curved in the axial direction due to a temperature change.

A reflection type sensor includes a light emitting element configured to emit light, a light receiving element configured to receive reflected light from a scale having a pattern, and a transparent member configured to cover the light emitting element and the light receiving element. A predetermined condition is satisfied.

An assembly comprises a support including a plurality of individual sections. A scale is disposed on the support. The scale extends in a longitudinal direction and has a measuring graduation for position measurement at least in the longitudinal direction. A plurality of fastening devices are configured to fasten the scale to the support. The fastening devices are disposed on the individual sections of the support.