Disclosed are 1,3-Dioxoindene derivatives, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof or enantiomers, a preparation method thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of viral diseases, comprising the same as an active ingredient. The 1,3-Dioxoindene derivatives have excellent inhibitory activity against picornaviruses including coxsackie-, entero-, echo-, Polio-, and rhinoviruses, as well as exhibiting low cytotoxicity, so that they can be useful as an active ingredient of a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of viral diseases including poliomyelitis, paralysis, acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, viral meningitis, hand-foot-and-mouth disease, vesicular disease, hepatitis A, myositis, myocarditis, pancreatitis, diabetes, epidemic myalgia, encephalitis, cold, herpangina, foot-and-mouth disease, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia, sinusitis or otitis media.

Disclosed are 1,3-Dioxoindene derivatives, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof or enantiomers, a preparation method thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of viral diseases, comprising the same as an active ingredient. The 1,3-Dioxoindene derivatives have excellent inhibitory activity against picornaviruses including coxsackie-, entero-, echo-, Polio-, and rhinoviruses, as well as exhibiting low cytotoxicity, so that they can be useful as an active ingredient of a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of viral diseases including poliomyelitis, paralysis, acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, viral meningitis, hand-foot-and-mouth disease, vesicular disease, hepatitis A, myositis, myocarditis, pancreatitis, diabetes, epidemic myalgia, encephalitis, cold, herpangina, foot-and-mouth disease, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia, sinusitis or otitis media.

The present disclosure provides compositions and formulations comprising botanicals and natural compounds for the promotion of healthy brain aging in adults and for prevention or inhibition of age associated neurodegenerative changes resulting in cognitive, memory and executive dysfunction including modulation of the age related predisposition to mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease, hormonal and other dementia related conditions. The present disclosure also provides methods of using the compositions and formulations in treating and preventing neurodegenerative changes resulting in cognitive, memory and executive dysfunction.

The present disclosure provides compositions and formulations comprising botanicals and natural compounds for the promotion of healthy brain aging in adults and for prevention or inhibition of age associated neurodegenerative changes resulting in cognitive, memory and executive dysfunction including modulation of the age related predisposition to mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease, hormonal and other dementia related conditions. The present disclosure also provides methods of using the compositions and formulations in treating and preventing neurodegenerative changes resulting in cognitive, memory and executive dysfunction.

The present disclosure provides compositions and formulations comprising botanicals and natural compounds for the promotion of healthy brain aging in adults and for prevention or inhibition of age associated neurodegenerative changes resulting in cognitive, memory and executive dysfunction including modulation of the age related predisposition to mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease, hormonal and other dementia related conditions. The present disclosure also provides methods of using the compositions and formulations in treating and preventing neurodegenerative changes resulting in cognitive, memory and executive dysfunction.

The invention provides a compound of Formula (1) ##STR00001##
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, Z, A.sup.1, L and A.sup.2 are as described herein; pharmaceutical compositions thereof; and the use thereof in treating diseases, conditions or disorders modulated by the inhibition of an acetyl-CoA carboxylase enzyme(s) in an animal.

The invention provides a compound of Formula (1) ##STR00001##
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, Z, A.sup.1, L and A.sup.2 are as described herein; pharmaceutical compositions thereof; and the use thereof in treating diseases, conditions or disorders modulated by the inhibition of an acetyl-CoA carboxylase enzyme(s) in an animal.

A method for treating a neurodegenerative disease is provided. The method for treating a neurodegenerative disease includes administering, to a subject in need thereof, one or more of a small molecule glycogen synthase (GYS) inhibitor, an antisense oligonucleotide targeting glycogen synthase, an antibody-enzyme fusion compound targeting polyglucosan bodies (PGBs), or combinations thereof.

A compound and methods are provided for treating, preventing or ameliorating infertility or reduced fertility in an individual, wherein said compound is capable of regulating the activity of Nuclear Factor, Erythroid 2 Like 2 (NFE2L2).

A method for producing a composition comprising nanoparticles of a biologically active compound.