A gas concentration-length quantification method, including: acquiring a first image including a gas plume with a camera; identifying and segmenting pixels corresponding to the gas plume in the first image; generating a background image corresponding to the first image using an image inpainting algorithm with the first image and positional information of the segmented pixels corresponding to the gas plume as inputs; calculating a gas concentration-length for each pixel corresponding to the gas plume in the first image, based on the first image and the background image data; and triggering an alert when the gas concentration-length for at least one pixel exceeds a threshold level.

A gas concentration-length quantification method may include acquiring a first image including a gas plume with a camera; identifying and segmenting pixels corresponding to the gas plume in the first image; creating a mask image corresponding to the first image, where only pixels of the mask image corresponding to the gas plume in the first image have non-zero values; generating a background image corresponding to the first image using an image inpainting algorithm with the first image and the mask image as inputs; calculating a gas concentration-length for each pixel corresponding to the gas plume in the first image, based on the first image and the background image data; and triggering an alert when the gas concentration-length for at least one pixel exceeds a threshold level.

A gas concentration-length quantification method may include acquiring a first image including a gas plume with a camera; identifying and segmenting pixels corresponding to the gas plume in the first image; creating a mask image corresponding to the first image, where only pixels of the mask image corresponding to the gas plume in the first image have non-zero values; generating a background image corresponding to the first image using an image inpainting algorithm with the first image and the mask image as inputs; calculating a gas concentration-length for each pixel corresponding to the gas plume in the first image, based on the first image and the background image data; and triggering an alert when the gas concentration-length for at least one pixel exceeds a threshold level.

The present invention has as its object the provision of a methane number calculation method that allows for readily acquiring a methane number of a natural gas, which is a sample gas to be measured, with acceptable reliability irrespective of toe gas composition, and as another object the provision of a methane number measurement device that is capable of monitoring the fuel property of a natural gas to be used as a fuel gas. The present invention includes: acquiring in advance a particular relational expression between the methane number and the basic calorific value of a plurality of types of reference gases, each formed of a natural gas and each having a different methane number value; measuring the basic calorific value of a natural gas, which is a sample gas, as well as the concentration of the nitrogen gas and the concentration of the carbon dioxide gas, both gases being contained in the sample gas; and calculating the methane number of the sample gas from the value of the basic calorific value of the sample gas, the value of the concentration of the nitrogen gas and the value of the concentration of the carbon dioxide gas, and the particular relational expression.

There is provided a substance detecting device emits first invisible light to the inside and the outside of a detection region of a substance, changes an emitting direction of the first invisible light inside and outside the detection region, receives third invisible light which is passing light of the first invisible light through the reference cell in which a detection target substance is stored, outside of the detection region, and adjusts a temperature of the first invisible light and controls the wavelength of the first invisible light based on the wavelength characteristics of the third invisible light.

An electromagnetic wave measuring apparatus irradiates an irradiation target having a measuring target with a pre-irradiation electromagnetic wave and, based on a post-irradiation electromagnetic wave obtained, measures the measuring target. The post-irradiation electromagnetic wave has a response component from the measuring target and a background component corresponding to the pre-irradiation electromagnetic wave. The electromagnetic wave measuring apparatus includes a first frequency spectrum acquiring section, a second frequency spectrum acquiring section, and a subtracting section. The first frequency spectrum acquiring section acquires a frequency spectrum of a first signal that includes the background component and the response component of the post-irradiation electromagnetic wave. The second frequency spectrum acquiring section acquires a frequency spectrum of a second signal that includes the background component of the post-irradiation electromagnetic wave. The subtracting section subtracts the frequency spectrum of the second signal from the frequency spectrum of the first signal.

A gas flow rate estimation device includes a map acquisition section acquiring, from position information of a camera capturing an image including information of an infrared ray, map information around the camera, a distance calculation section calculating, based on the map information, a distance from the camera to a gas cloud, a first calculation section calculating, using time-series images, a gas velocity of the gas cloud and a gas passage time for which gas passes through a gas region, a second calculation section calculating a gas concentration thickness product of the gas region by using image data of the gas region and a gas amount of the gas region by using the gas concentration thickness product and a distance calculated by the distance calculation section, and a third calculation section calculating a flow rate estimation value of gas by using the gas passage time and the gas amount.

Free-space optical spectrometer systems and methods for their use, including in certain use cases related to the oil and gas industry are disclosed. In certain embodiments, the system includes a laser module configured to output a beam comprising an output spectrum along a free-space optical pathway, a flow cell positioned in the pathway and configured to contain a sample fluid through which the beam is transmitted, and a detector configured to receive the transmitted beam and convert optical characteristics into corresponding electrical signals. Processing circuitry may determine an experimental spectrum of the transmitted beam, which can be calibrated based on information obtained from reference spectra collected by the spectrometer system for increased accuracy. The disclosed systems and methods enable high-resolution, non-contact spectral analysis of fluids or gases with improved stability, compactness, and adaptability compared to conventional fiber-coupled systems.

Provided is a gas sensor that can suppress characteristic variation caused by deformation of a semiconductor substrate. The gas sensor (1) includes a substrate (redistribution layer 30), a light-emitting element (11) provided at a front surface (30a) or embedded in the substrate, a light-receiving element (12) that is provided at the front surface or embedded in the substrate and that receives light emitted from the light-emitting element, and a plurality of external connection terminals (40) at a rear surface (30b) that is an opposite surface to the front surface of the substrate. At least a portion of the plurality of external connection terminals is electrically connected to the light-emitting element and the light-receiving element. The plurality of external connection terminals is arranged such that, in plan view, the light-emitting element and the light-receiving element are not present on a line linking any two external connection terminals.