The optical cell of an elongated shape has an inner space into which gas is introduced and includes: a cell main body forming the inner space; a manifold member being separably connected to an outer surface of the cell main body extending in a longitudinal direction; and a heating mechanism heating the manifold member, in which the cell main body has a through hole penetrating from the outer surface into the inner space, and the manifold member has a gas introduction path extending along the longitudinal direction and guiding the gas, which has been taken in from the outside, from one side to another side in the longitudinal direction and then guiding the gas to the inner space through the through hole.

An optical measurement system is provided, which includes a light source device, a fiber module, an optical detection device and a processing circuit. The light source device is configured to generate light to illuminate a target tissue area and a reference tissue area of a human body. The fiber module is configured to direct and transmit the light to illuminate the target tissue area and the reference tissue area and receive response beams from the target tissue area and the reference tissue area. The optical detection device is configured to detect the response beams from the target tissue area to obtain the target spectrum signal and detect the response beams from the reference tissue area to obtain a reference spectrum signal. The processing circuit configured to calculate a health status parameter of the target tissue area according to the target spectrum signal and reference spectrum signal.

A remote detection apparatus to detect an oil pollutant comprises a light emitting module, an optical receiving device including a first lens, a band-pass filter, at least two second lenses and at least an optical fiber configured to receiving a reflected beam, a detector module, and a micro-controller. The apparatus further comprises a house including an optical window configured to protect the light emitting module, the optical receiving device, the detector module, and the micro-controller from harsh environmental conditions.

A flow cell assembly (16) for a fluid analyzer (14) that analyzes a sample (12) includes (i) a base (350) that includes a base window (350B); (ii) a cap (352) having a cap window (352B) that is spaced apart from the base window (350B); and (iii) a gasket (360) that is secured to and positioned between the base (350) and the cap (352), the gasket (360) having a gasket body (360A) that includes a gasket opening (360B). The gasket body (360A), the base (350) and the cap (352) cooperate to define a flow cell chamber (362). Moreover, an inlet passageway (366) extends into the flow cell chamber (362) to direct the sample (12) into the flow cell chamber (362); and an outlet passageway (368) extends into the flow cell chamber (362) to allow the sample (12) to exit the flow cell chamber (362).

A method of measuring a concentration of NO.sub.2 in a gaseous mixture using a multimode laser beam that covers a tunable spectral range with a width of no more than 5 nm, wherein the multimode laser beam provides a high resolution transmittance spectrum at an absorption cross section of NO.sub.2 molecules, and a system for measuring the concentration of NO.sub.2 in the gaseous mixture. Various combinations of embodiments of the system and the method are provided.

Apparatus for performing multiple different measurements on a small specimen sample, enabling testing and diagnoses in real time at the point of care are described. The core of the apparatus includes an ultrasonic resonator cavity where acoustic resonances are used to determine the speed of sound and sound attenuation in a single droplet. Acoustic measurements are made in the reflection mode using electrical impedance of a small piezoelectric crystal transducer that operates in the thickness longitudinal mode. Combination of this technology with electromagnetic, electrical, and magnetic fields permits multiple types of measurements to be made using the same resonator cavity.

A method and system for the suppression and/or modulation of absorption spectrum artifacts for the purpose of gas detection and concentration measurements using at least one magnetic, electric or electromagnetic field. A field applied selectively to at least one section of the system modulates absorption by influencing quantum energy state transitions of gas species.

Measuring a concentration of at least one target species is described. A first and second tunable diode laser are configured to generate laser light at a respective wavelength different from one another. A pitch head comprising a transmitting optic is optically coupled to the first and second tunable diode lasers via distal ends of the first and second optical fibers, and is oriented to project respective beams from each of the first and second distal ends through a measurement zone. A photodetector is configured to detect an optical power of light in the first and second wavelengths. A catch head located across the measurement zone from the pitch head is in optical communication with the pitch head to receive the respective beams from the first and second distal ends and direct the respective beams to the photodetector.

A method and system for determining an integrity of a container, including obtaining a pressure inside a container by producing, filling and/or sealing a container using heat or at cold conditions. Transmitting a light signal through a headspace of the container and determining, based on the transmitted light signal being detected, the integrity of the container.

A gas cell (1) for the spectroscopic, in particular absorption spectroscopic, analysis of a gas, in which the gas is exposed to an incident beam of rays (S) of electromagnetic radiation and a beam of rays (S.sub.A) of electromagnetic radiation exiting the gas is detected to form a measurement signal, wherein the gas cell (1) comprises a body (10) formed by a porous, electromagnetic radiation-scattering material, an in-coupling device (20) for coupling the incident beam of rays (S) into the gas cell (1) and an out-coupling device (30) for coupling the exiting beam of rays (S.sub.A) out of the gas cell (1), wherein, according to the invention, the gas cell is further developed according to the invention by forming a material-free cavity (12) in the body (10), which is surrounded by an inner surface (14) running within the material and is both diffusely reflecting and transmitting the electromagnetic radiation.