This laser gas analysis device compensates distortion of a laser beam and can place a detector depending on the wavelength used. A transmitter side process window unit consists of two wedge-shaped glass substrates that are positioned to have a space with an appropriate length along a laser propagation direction, and sends the laser beam from a transmitter unit to a measuring space. A receiver side process window unit is configured the same as the transmitter side process window unit, and sends the laser beam passed through the measuring space to a receiver unit. The outer surfaces of the two wedge-shaped glass substrates with respect to the space in between are placed to be parallel each other, and accordingly the inner surfaces are also parallel each other. The distance between the two wedge-shaped glass substrates in the laser propagation direction is determined so as to avoid optical interferences of the laser.

An analyzer of a component in a sample fluid includes an optical source and an optical detector defining a beam path of a beam, wherein the optical source emits the beam and the optical detector measures the beam after partial absorption by the sample fluid, a fluid flow cell disposed on the beam path defining an interrogation region in the fluid flow cell in which the optical beam interacts with the sample fluid and a reference fluid; and wherein the sample fluid and the reference fluid are in laminar flow, and a scanning system that scans the beam relative to the laminar flow within the fluid flow cell, wherein the scanning system scans the beam relative to both the sample fluid and the reference fluid.

A gas measurement system as disclosed can include a coherent light source, which emits a light beam; a detector; a beam path formed between the light source) and the detector; and a gas cell arranged in the beam path such that the detector receives light transmitted through the gas cell. The gas cell can include a porous ceramic and have an optical path length which is a multiple of the actual layer thickness of the gas cell. A optical element can be arranged in the beam path between the light source and the gas cell with the light beam emitted by the light being widened and unfocussed as the light beam enters the gas cell.

A laser-heterodyne combustion-efficiency monitor captures light emitted from a combustion zone during combustion and determines combustion efficiency based on the captured light. The monitor includes an optical detector that generates an electrical response by mixing the captured light with an optical local-oscillator signal, and a signal filter that filters the electrical response to isolate a beat-note that is proportional to a target-species concentration in the combustion zone. The frequency of the local-oscillator signal determines the target species, which may be carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, or another emission or absorption line that can be detected using laser-heterodyne radiometry. A laser generates the local-oscillator signal. The monitor may be extended to operate with several lasers emitting several local-oscillator signals at different frequencies, thereby allowing multiple target species to be detected simultaneously.

The present disclosure relates to automated systems (200) and methods for quantitatively determining a fixation duration of a biological specimen using a trained fixation estimation engine (210). In some embodiments, the trained fixation estimation (210) engine includes a neural network. In some embodiments, the trained fixation estimation (210) engine includes a supervised classifier.

An analyzer of a component in a sample fluid includes an optical source and an optical detector defining a beam path of a beam, wherein the optical source emits the beam and the optical detector measures the beam after partial absorption by the sample fluid, a fluid flow cell disposed on the beam path defining an interrogation region in the a fluid flow cell in which the optical beam interacts with the sample fluid and a reference fluid; and wherein the sample fluid and the reference fluid are in laminar flow, and a scanning system that scans the beam relative to the laminar flow within the fluid flow cell, wherein the scanning system scans the beam relative to both the sample fluid and the reference fluid.

Disclosed is an electrically pumped vertical cavity laser structure operating in the mid-infrared region, which has demonstrated room-temperature continuous wave operation. This structure uses an interband cascade gain region, two distributed mirrors, and a low-loss refractive index waveguide. A preferred embodiment includes at least one wafer bonded GaAs-based mirror.

A method is provided for detecting a property of a gas comprising: emitting a light, comprising a plurality of wavelengths covering a plurality of absorption lines of the gas, along a first axis, the light being scattered by particles of the gas resulting in a scattered light, generating a sensor image using a detection arrangement configured to receive the scattered light and comprising: an optical arrangement having an optical plane and being configured to direct the scattered light on to a light sensor, the light sensor having at least one pixel columns, wherein the pixel columns are aligned to an image plane and configured to output a sensor image, wherein the first axis, the optical plane, and the image plane intersect such that a Scheimpflug condition is achieved, determining, from the sensor image, properties of the gas at a plurality of positions along the first axis.

The present invention is intended to reduce variations in oscillation wavenumber of a semiconductor laser element due to the influence of circumferential temperatures. The invention includes a semiconductor laser semiconductor laser element, a temperature control part to control a temperature of the semiconductor laser element, a temperature sensor to detect a temperature of the temperature control part, and a temperature control device to control a supply signal to the temperature control part so that a detected temperature obtained from the temperature sensor reaches a predetermined target temperature. The temperature control device changes a target temperature for the temperature control part depending on a supply signal to the temperature control part.

Systems, devices, and methods including one or more optical cavities; one or more light sources configured to emit a specified wavelength or band of wavelengths of light; and one or more photovoltaic detectors configured to receive the emitted light that has traveled over one or more path lengths, where the one or more photovoltaic detectors are configured to detect at least one of: a first trace gas species and a second trace gas species.