A method for diagnosing hepatitis virus infection or a hepatitis disease condition in a subject based on hepatitis virus-associated biomarkers present on exosomes in a bodily fluid sample from the subject is disclosed. Also disclosed are a method for monitoring the course of a hepatitis virus infection or a hepatitis disease condition in a subject and a method for monitoring effectiveness of treatment to a subject with an anti-hepatitis virus agent based on hepatitis virus-associated biomarkers present on exosomes in bodily fluid samples from the subject, as well as a kit for diagnosing hepatitis virus infection and/or a hepatitis disease condition in a subject based on hepatitis virus-associated biomarkers on exosomes in bodily fluid samples from the subject.

The invention relates to an oligonucleotide including one or more modified nucleoside bases having the structure -B-L-A wherein for each of the modified nucleosides A is independently a monosaccharide or oligosaccharide, Lisa linker molecule, and B is independently a pyrimidine or pyridine base linked to the sugar-phosphate backbone of the oligonucleotide; and wherein the oligonucleotide binds specifically to a carbohydrate-binding monoclonal antibody with an affinity of less than 100 nM. Immunogenic conjugates that include the oligonucleotide, and pharmaceutical compositions that include the oligonucleotide or the immunogenic conjugate are also disclosed. Various method of using the oligonucleotides, immunogenic conjugates, and pharmaceutical compositions are disclosed, including inducing an immune response, inhibiting viral or bacterial infection, treating a cancerous condition, and detecting a neutralizing antibody. A method is also disclosed for selecting the oligonucleotides using an alternative Selection of Modified Aptamers (SELMA).

The present invention relates to broadly neutralizing anti-HIV-1 antibodies and isolated antigens. Also disclosed are related methods and compositions.

Antibodies and antigen binding fragments that specifically bind to gp120 and neutralize HIV-1 are disclosed. Nucleic acids encoding these antibodies, vectors and host cells are also provided. Methods for detecting HIV-1 using these antibodies are disclosed. In addition, the use of these antibodies, antigen binding fragment, nucleic acids and vectors to prevent and/or treat an HIV-1 infection is disclosed.

The present relation relates to recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus for use as prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines for infectious diseases of AIDS. The present invention encompasses the preparation and purification of immunogenic compositions which are formulated into the vaccines of the present invention.

Antibodies and antigen binding fragments that specifically bind to HIV-1 Env and neutralize HIV-1 are disclosed. Nucleic acids encoding these antibodies, vectors and host cells are also provided. Methods for detecting HIV-1 using these antibodies are disclosed. In addition, the use of these antibodies, antigen binding fragment, nucleic acids and vectors to prevent and/or treat an HIV-1 infection is disclosed.

The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for assessing viral, e.g., HIV, infection duration in a subject. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to for assessing viral, e.g., HIV, infection duration in a subject using, inter alia, a reader configured to measure both the number of signal pixels and the intensities of signal pixels to generate a quantitative signal readout that is used to assess average antibody avidity of an anti-viral antibody, e.g., an anti-HIV antibody, in a sample liquid and/or viral, e.g., HIV, infection duration in a subject.

The present application provides stable peptide-based antibody capture agents and methods of use as detection and diagnosis agents. The application further provides methods of manufacturing antibody capture agents using iterative on-bead in situ click chemistry.

The present relation relates to recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus for use as prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines for infectious diseases of AIDS. The present invention encompasses the preparation and purification of immunogenic compositions which are formulated into the vaccines of the present invention.

The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for assessing viral, e.g., HIV, infection duration in a subject. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to for assessing viral, e.g., HIV, infection duration in a subject using, inter alia, a reader configured to measure both the number of signal pixels and the intensities of signal pixels to generate a quantitative signal readout that is used to assess average antibody avidity of an anti-viral antibody, e.g., an anti-HIV antibody, in a sample liquid and/or viral, e.g., HIV, infection duration in a subject.