This disclosure provides methods, systems, and compositions of matter for studying solvent accessibility and three-dimensional structure of biological molecules. A plasma can be used to generate marker radicals, which can interact with a biological molecule and mark the solvent-accessible portions of the biological molecule.

A CMOS-based chip having multiple sensing modalities that are able independently to detect multiple metabolites present in a sample. In particular, the chip provides multiple sensing modalities capable of performing detection within the same physical test volume, i.e. the chip can simultaneously detect a plurality of chemical reactions occurring in the test volume, where each chemical reaction yields a result that is independently detectable. The chip may comprise an optical sensor (e.g. photodiode) and a chemical sensor (e.g. pH sensor, embodied as an ISFET). With this technique, multiple metabolites may be measured in real time using a small scale point-of-care device.

Provided herein are kits for detecting and quantifying the level of a metastatic cancer biomarker(s) in a patient. The kits may contain a detection and quantifying means, such as, biomarker specific antibodies. Also provided are methods for determining a prognosis, a stratification and/or monitoring of a metastatic cancer in a patient. The level or activity of at least two biomarkers, such as obscurin, PI3K, E-cadherin, or N-cadherin is measured in a patient sample and compared to corresponding biomarkers in a control sample. A significant difference in the level or activity of the biomarkers between the patient sample and control is indicative of a metastatic cancer. In addition a method for treating a metastatic breast cancer via administration of a PI3K inhibitor and an agent that increases expression of obscurin is provided.

The present invention relates to a method for aiding in the prediction of stroke and/or dementia in a subject, said method comprising a) determining the amount of the biomarker RET (Rearranged during transfection) in a sample from the subject, b) comparing the amount determined in step a) to a reference, and c) aiding in the prediction of stroke and/or dementia. The present invention further relates to a method for aiding in the assessment of the extent of white matter lesions in a subject, a method for aiding in the assessment whether a subject has experienced one or more silent strokes and to a method for aiding in the diagnosis of atrial fibrillation in a subject. Further encompassed by the present invention are the corresponding uses.

This disclosure provides methods, systems, and compositions of matter for studying solvent accessibility and three-dimensional structure of biological molecules. A plasma can be used to generate marker radicals, which can interact with a biological molecule and mark the solvent-accessible portions of the biological molecule.

Disclosed herein are methods of treating HIBM in a subject comprising identifying subject in need thereof; and administering to the subject a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, amide, glycol, peptidyl, or prodrug thereof, wherein the compound is a compound that is biosynthesized in a wild type individual along a biochemical pathway between glucose and sialic acid, inclusive. Also disclosed herein are vectors comprising a nucleic acid sequence that encodes a polypeptide having at least 80% sequence identity to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:2, recombinant cells comprising these vectors, and recombinant animals comprising the cells. In addition, methods of identifying a compound having therapeutic effect for HIBM are disclosed.

A system for the electrochemical detection of triglyceride levels includes a test strip including an electrode and a counter electrode, the electrode and counter electrode located proximate to a sample reception area; and a coating on one of the electrode and counter electrode, the coating including a reagent coating for triglycerides.

The present invention provides for a fungus, especially in the form of fungal mycelium, that has altered glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) expression and/or activity level and therefore exhibits modified characteristics in fruiting body development. Also provided are compositions and methods for generating living fungal mycelium with altered fruiting body development.

The present application relates to use of hexokinase-2 and a kit for detecting rare tumor cells in body fluid sample. The present application, based on a principle of abnormal tumor cell energy metabolism, conducts a vitro detection by using a glycolysis marker hexokinase-2 (HK2) as a marker, and assists localization and selection of the rare tumor cells by an addressable microporous array chip or a glass sheet, so as to implement a detection on rare tumor cells having high glycolysis activity in a cancer patient's body fluid sample. The detection method of present application allows to detect rare tumor cells having high glycolysis activity in the human body fluid sample, especially detect circulating tumor cells of an interstitial origin tumor and the circulating tumor cells having epithelial-interstitial transformation in epithelial origin tumors, thereby covering the shortage of traditional detection against the circulating tumor cells based on an epithelial marker, and providing a technical basis for better application of cancer liquid biopsy in clinic.

Certain embodiments are directed to composition and methods related to DCLK1-S specific binding agents.