A display apparatus includes a light source emitting light; a light guide plate having a first surface and a second surface, and spreading light emitted from the light source therein to emit light through the first surface; and a local dimming unit configured to pass or scatter light emitted through the second surface of the light guide plate according to a position. The local dimming unit may include: an electro-optical layer configured to which optical properties change according to an electric field; and a plurality of electrodes positioned on the same plane to generate the electric field.

An electronic device includes a display module, a protection cover, a light shielding layer on a bottom surface of the protection cover, a light source on the display module, a light guide plate on the display module and adjacent to the light source, a touch sensitive film above the light guide plate and having a first opening, a first optical adhesive between the touch sensitive film and the protection cover and having a second opening overlapping and communicated with the first opening, and a light shielding element having a portion overlapping the first and second openings. The light shielding element is located on the display module, extends to said portion of the light shielding layer, and is configured to block light passing through the light guide plate, the touch sensitive film, and the first optical adhesive in a non-visible area.

A display apparatus includes: (i) a glasses-type frame that is mounted on the head of an observer; and (ii) an image display device that is attached to the frame, wherein the image display device includes (A) an image forming device, and (B) an optical device on which light emitted from the image forming device is incident, in which the light is guided, and from which the light is emitted, a light control device that adjusts an amount of external light incident from the outside is provided in a region of the optical device from which light is emitted, and the light control device includes two opposite transparent substrates, electrodes that are provided on the substrates, and an electrophoretic dispersion liquid that is sealed between the two substrates.

Provided is a liquid crystal display device and a polarizing plate capable of improving the contrast ratio in the front direction. The polarizing plate includes a pair of polarizers including a first polarizer and a second polarizer whose transmission axes are parallel to each other; a retarder between the paired polarizers; and a diffusion layer in at least one of a region between the paired polarizers or a region on a side without the retarder of the first polarizer.

A light control film comprises a light input surface and a light output surface opposite the light input surface; alternating transmissive regions and absorptive regions disposed between the light input surface and the light output surface, wherein the absorptive regions comprise a core having a first concentration, C.sub.1, of a light absorbing material sandwiched between cladding layers having a second concentration, C.sub.2, of the light absorbing material, wherein C.sub.2 < C.sub.1, and wherein the cores have an aspect ratio of at least 20.

A display device includes a display panel, a plurality of light-receiving elements that are located inside a display region of the display panel as viewed from a normal direction of the display panel, and are configured to receive light, and a light guide provided so as to overlap the light-receiving elements. The light guide comprises light guide paths at least partially overlapping the light-receiving elements, and comprises a light-blocking portion having higher absorbance of the light than that of the light guide paths, and the light guide paths are inclined in a predetermined first direction with respect to the normal direction of the display panel.

Disclosed are a backlight module and a display device. The backlight module includes a backplane, a light guide plate and a light source. The backplane includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The light guide plate includes a light output portion provided on the first surface and a bending portion provided with a light input end on the second surface, and an end of the light output portion facing the second surface of the backplane is bent and extended to form the bending portion. The light source is provided on the second surface and corresponds to a light input end face of the light input end.

In various embodiments, an apparatus comprises a composite backplane that modulates light from a light source, where the composite backplane comprises an electronics layer disposed on a substrate, a photonics integrated circuit (IC) layer disposed on the electronics layer that causes light from the light source to propagate in a first direction, and an active light modulation (ALM) interface layer disposed on the photonics IC layer controls an ALM interface layer in order to control the light propagating in the first direction.

A lighting device includes a first light guide area sandwiched between partitions extending along a first direction, a first light emitting element emitting light in a first wavelength band, and a semi-transmitting reflective film covering the first light guide area, the first light guide area including a first protrusion, and a reflective film covering the first protrusion and each side of the partitions, the first light guide area including, a first part having a constant first width in a second direction crossing the first direction, and a second part adjacent to the first part and the first width decreasing as it recedes from the first part, wherein the first light emitting-element is arranged in the second part.

Disclosed are display devices and methods of fabricating the same. The display device comprises a display panel, an optical layer on the display panel, and a backlight unit that is below the display panel and provides the display panel with light. The optical layer includes a plurality of optical fiber segments, and an air layer between the optical fiber segments. The light generated from the backlight unit is provided to the optical fiber segments through the display panel, and the light is diffused by the optical fiber segments and an air layer dispersed among the optical fiber segments.