A light field display device including: a display panel including a plurality of subpixels each emitting a light field; and a lenticular lens array on the display panel and including a plurality of lenticular lenses, wherein the plurality of lenticular lenses correspond to a plurality of subpixel groups each including the plurality of subpixels, and wherein a width of each of the plurality of subpixel groups is greater than a width of each of the plurality of lenticular lenses.

An optical system includes a lens layer including a plurality of microlenses arranged along orthogonal first and second directions, and at least one optically opaque mask layer spaced apart from the lens layer and defining a plurality of through openings therein arranged along the first and second directions. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the microlenses and the openings, such that for each microlens, the microlens and corresponding openings are substantially centered on a straight line making a same oblique angle with the lens layer. An optical layer can include the lens layer and the optically opaque mask layer embedded in the optical layer.

Provided are an optical element and an image display apparatus that display an aerial image, in which the total volume of the apparatus is small, a reduction in size can realized, and a scenery can be recognized. The optical element includes: a light guide element including a light guide plate, an incidence diffraction element, and an emission diffraction element, the incidence diffraction element being disposed on a main surface of the light guide plate and the emission diffraction element being disposed on the main surface of the light guide plate; and a positive lens that is disposed at a position overlapping the emission diffraction element in a view from a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the light guide plate, in which the incidence diffraction element diffracts incident light such that the diffracted light is incident into the light guide plate, the emission diffraction element emits light propagating in the light guide plate from the light guide plate, and the positive lens collects the light that is emitted from the light guide plate by the emission diffraction element.

A flexible optical element adopting liquid crystals (LCs) as the materials for realizing electrically tunable optics is foldable. A method for manufacturing the flexible element includes patterned photo-polymerization. The LC optics can include a pair of LC layers with orthogonally aligned LC directors for polarizer-free properties, flexible polymeric alignment layers, flexible substrates, and a module for controlling the electric field. The lens power of the LC optics can be changed by controlling the distribution of electric field across the optical zone. Lens power control can be provided using combinations of electrode configurations, drive signals and anchoring strengths in the alignment layers.

A liquid-crystal display device includes a pair of substrates, a liquid-crystal material layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, and an optical compensation element having an optical compensation layer, the optical compensation layer including a stack group in which high-refractive-index obliquely deposited films and low-refractive-index obliquely deposited films are alternately deposited, the high-refractive-index obliquely deposited films and the low-refractive-index obliquely deposited films having a same tilt direction with respect to a normal line of a surface on which the films are deposited.

A cluster according to an embodiment of the disclosure includes a display and a spatial image panel. The display is installed in the vehicle to output predetermined information as a 2D image. The spatial image panel is configured to output a 3D image in a predetermined space in front. The spatial image panel includes a first lens array, a second lens array, and a refractive medium. The first lens array is disposed adjacent to the display and includes a plurality of first lenses arranged on the same plane. The second lens array is disposed in parallel with the first array so that the first lenses and second lenses overlap each other. The refractive medium is disposed between the first lens array and the second lens array.

A composite lens system may include one or more first optical elements configured to provide a first focal length selected from a first continuous range of focal lengths, as well as one or more second optical elements configured to provide a discrete focal length selected from a plurality of discrete focal lengths. The one or more first optical elements and the one or more second optical elements may be configured in series such that the composite lens system provides an output focal length based on a combination of the selected first focal length and the selected discrete focal length.

In an electro-optical device, a first polarizing element, a first phase difference element, a transmissive liquid crystal panel, a second phase difference element, and a second polarizing element are sequentially arranged. Here, when a phase difference of the first phase difference element and the second phase difference element is λ/4, an influence of orientation disorder of liquid crystal molecules can be alleviated, but a contrast ratio is reduced. Therefore, when a wavelength of incident light is λ, a phase difference R of the first phase difference element and the second phase difference element satisfies the following condition that 0<R<λ/4, preferably λ/12<R<λ/6. For example, it is assumed that the phase difference R is λ/8.

According to the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a lens is disclosed. The lens is located remotely from a display device, and the lens includes: a liquid crystal layer variably oriented according to a voltage so as to have a variable refractive index; and an optical unit accommodated inside the liquid crystal layer, in which the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer is varied, so that the liquid crystal layer may modulate a speed of a change of an image that is being displayed on a display device.

A fingerprint recognition device including a light emitting layer, an image sensing layer and a micro-lens layer is provided. The image sensing layer has a plurality of pixels. The micro-lens layer is disposed between the light emitting layer and the image sensing layer and has a plurality of micro lenses respectively corresponding to the pixels. A distance between the micro-lens layer and the light emitting layer is less than or equal to 800 um and greater than or equal to h1, where h1=x/(2×tan θ), x is the minimum distance between two micro lenses respectively corresponding to different pixels on a plane where the micro-lens layer is disposed, and θ is an FWHM light receiving angle of each of the micro lenses.