An optical device is disclosed herein. In some embodiments, an optical device includes a first outer substrate, a second outer substrate, a liquid crystal element film positioned between the first and second outer substrates, intermediate layers positioned between the first outer substrate and the liquid crystal element film and between the liquid crystal element film and the second outer substrate, respectively, wherein a sum of the total thicknesses of the intermediate layers is 1,600 μm or more. The optical device can secure structural stability and good quality uniformity by maintaining the cell gap of the liquid crystal element film properly, having excellent attachment force between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, and minimizing defects such as pressing or crowding in the bonding process of the outer substrates.

An optical device capable of varying transmittance, such that can be used for various applications such as eyewear, for example, sunglasses or AR (augmented reality) or VR (virtual reality) eyewear, an outer wall of a building or a sunroof for a vehicle.

According to one embodiment, a display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer including polymers and liquid crystal molecules, and a light-emitting element. The first substrate includes a transparent substrate, a scanning line, a signal line crossing the scanning line, a switching element electrically connected to the scanning line and the signal line, an organic insulating film overlapping the switching element, and a pixel electrode electrically connected to the switching element. A thickness of the organic insulating film located between the transparent substrate and the pixel electrode is less than a thickness of the organic insulating film overlapping the switching element.

A display device with improved viewing angle characteristics is provided. A display device with suppressed mixture of colors between adjacent pixels is provided. The display device includes a first coloring layer, a second coloring layer, and a structure body therebetween. The structure body has a portion closer to a display surface side than a bottom surface of the first coloring layer or a bottom surface of the second coloring layer.

A display device is provided. The display device includes a display panel and a visible angle adjustment panel. The visible angle adjustment panel has a liquid-crystal layer. The liquid-crystal layer has a plurality of cell gaps, wherein the thicknesses of the cell gaps are different from each other, and the thicknesses of the cell gaps gradually increase along a direction.

In a plan view, a spacer member is arranged at a position overlapping with a first line portion of a second pixel electrode. The second pixel electrode has a second connecting portion that connects the first line portion and the second line portion arranged next to the first line portion. The second connecting portion of the pixel electrode is arranged between a region where the first line portion of the second pixel electrode overlaps with the spacer member and one end portion of the first line portion of the second pixel electrode.

A display device has a plurality of color filters and a first light-shielding film formed in a matrix so as to partition a pixel. The plurality of color filters includes: a first color filter selectively transmitting blue light; a second color filter selectively transmitting green light; and a third color filter selectively transmitting red light. The first color filter has a plurality of island-shaped patterns arranged apart from each other along a Y direction intersecting with an X direction. In a plan view, an optical sensor is arranged at a position overlapping with a region between the plurality of island-shaped patterns adjacent to each other. The region has a first opening that is covered with the first light-shielding film and is formed at a position overlapping with optical sensor, the first opening passing through the first light-shielding film.

In a plan view, a spacer member is arranged at a position overlapping with a first line portion of a second pixel electrode. The second pixel electrode has a second connecting portion that connects the first line portion and the second line portion arranged next to the first line portion. The second connecting portion of the pixel electrode is arranged between a region where the first line portion of the second pixel electrode overlaps with the spacer member and one end portion of the first line portion of the second pixel electrode.

A controllable privacy structure, such as a window or door, may include an electrically controllable optically active material connected to a driver. The driver can control the application and/or removal of electrical energy to the optically active material to transition from a scattering state in which visibility through the structure is inhibited to a transparent state in which visibility through the structure is comparatively clear. The driver may need to be located in relatively close physical proximity to the privacy structure the driver is intended to control. Devices, systems, and techniques are described for discretely positioning a driver relative to a privacy structure to be controlled.

A first organic insulating film is arranged on a first substrate in a circumference area outside an active area. A mounting portion is located in the circumference area for mounting a signal source. A second organic insulating film is formed on a second substrate in the circumference area so as to face the first substrate. The second substrate exposes the mounting portion. A seal material is arranged between the first organic insulating film and the second organic insulating film to attach the first substrate and the second substrate. A resin layer is arranged between the first organic insulating film and the second organic insulating film in the circumference area, and formed in a rectangular frame shape including four linear ends. An end along the mounting portion is formed broadly than other ends.