The invention provides, inter alia, methods of improving sperm function and related methods of fertilization, together with preparations of activated or potentiated sperm. The invention additionally provides articles of manufacture suitable for performing the methods provided by the invention. The methods provided by the invention, in certain embodiments entail energy depletion with subsequent staged reintroduction of different energy sources.

Provided are ex vivo and in vivo methods utilizing therapeutic genes for treatment of male and female infertility, including non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) and premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and comorbid diseases, with or without transmitting the therapeutic gene to offspring of the infertile subject. Germline gene therapy methods are also described to reduce or eliminate disease from families with or without transmission of the therapeutic gene to offspring.

Provided are a method for separating mammalian sperm, by which even a large amount of sperm can be separated in a short time and decrease in motility of the separated sperm can be prevented; and an artificial insemination method, and an in vitro fertilization method. The method for separating mammalian sperm includes incubating the sperm in a medium containing a TLR7 ligand, and separating them into sperm floating in the upper layer and sperm sinking in the lower layer of the medium. The artificial insemination and in vitro fertilization methods include artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization for a non-human mammal using sperm of the non-human mammal separated by the method for separating mammalian sperm.

A method of enhancing sperm fertility is described herein. The method includes contacting sperm with hydroxyurea. A composition is disclosed that includes sperm, hydroxyurea, and a buffer. Methods, kits, and compositions for enhancing sperm fertility are also provided.

A method of enhancing sperm fertility is described herein. The method includes contacting sperm with hydroxyurea. A composition is disclosed that includes sperm, hydroxyurea, and a buffer. Methods, kits, and compositions for enhancing sperm fertility are also provided.

The present disclosure relates to luterial, which is a mitochondrial-like unidentified nano-sized particle derived from a body fluid, and to a method for isolating the same.

The present disclosure relates to luterial, which is a mitochondrial-like unidentified nano-sized particle derived from a body fluid, and to a method for isolating the same.

The present disclosure relates to a composition of at least one predominantly positively charged polyelectrolyte polymer and at least one predominantly negatively charged polyelectrolyte polymer, a preferred composition comprises poly-L-lysine and a gellan gum, preferably a methacrylate gellan gum. The present subject-matter further relates to methods for generating composition of the present disclosure and to uses of a mixture according to the disclosure for biomedical applications such as cellular and acellular systems for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications or as drug delivery systems, for the treatment of several diseases namely diabetes mellitus.

The present disclosure relates to a composition of at least one predominantly positively charged polyelectrolyte polymer and at least one predominantly negatively charged polyelectrolyte polymer, a preferred composition comprises poly-L-lysine and a gellan gum, preferably a methacrylate gellan gum. The present subject-matter further relates to methods for generating composition of the present disclosure and to uses of a mixture according to the disclosure for biomedical applications such as cellular and acellular systems for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications or as drug delivery systems, for the treatment of several diseases namely diabetes mellitus.

It is an object to provide a technique useful for embryo transfer and development of reproductive medical care. Provided are a sperm activator containing a disrupted product of one or more cells selected from the group consisting of adipose tissue-derived stem cells, dental pulp-derived stem cells, bone marrow-derived stem cells, and umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells as an active ingredient, and an artificial insemination method utilizing the same.