An electrophotographic photoreceptor of a negatively-chargeable laminate-type includes a conductive substrate; a charge generation layer provided on the conductive substrate and including a charge generating material; and a charge transport layer provided on the charge generation layer and containing, as a binder resin, a copolymerized polycarbonate resin having a repeating unit represented by Formula (1); as a hole transporting substance, a compound having a structure represented by Formula (2); as an electron transporting substance, a compound having a structure represented by Formula (3), and, as an antioxidant, a compound represented by Structural Formula (4), where a mass ratio H/(B+H) represents a ratio of mass (H) of the hole transporting substance with respect to a sum of mass (B) of the binder resin and the mass (H) of the hole transporting substance, and satisfies Formula (5), 0.20 by massH/(B+H)0.35 by mass, ##STR00001##

A photosensitive layer included in an electrophotographic photosensitive member contains at least a charge generating material, a hole transport material, and a binder resin. The hole transport material includes a compound (1). The binder resin includes a polyarylate resin having at least one repeating unit (10) and at least one repeating unit (11). Alternatively, the binder resin includes a polycarbonate resin having a repeating unit (20) and a repeating unit (21). The general formulas (1), (10), (11), (20), and (21) are as follows

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A compound is represented by general formula (1). In general formula (1), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group, and a sum of the number of carbon atoms of the chemical group represented by R.sup.1 and the number of carbon atoms of the chemical group represented by R.sup.2 is 2. R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group, and a sum of the number of carbon atoms of the chemical group represented by R.sup.3 and the number of carbon atoms of the chemical group represented by R.sup.1 is 2. A photosensitive layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member contains at least a charge generating material, a hole transport material, and a binder resin. The hole transport material includes a compound represented by general formula (1)

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The present invention relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor including a conductive support and a photosensitive layer on the conductive support, and the photosensitive layer contains a polymer A containing a repeating structural unit represented by a specific formula, and a polymer B containing a repeating structural unit represented by a specific formula. In addition, the present invention relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor cartridge and an image forming apparatus including the electrophotographic photoreceptor.

An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer. The photosensitive layer is a single layer. The photosensitive layer contains a charge generating material, a hole transport material, an electron transport material, and a binder resin. The hole transport material includes a compound represented by chemical formula (1-1) or (1-2). The photosensitive layer further contains an n-type pigment. The n-type pigment is preferably an azo pigment or a perylene pigment.

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An electrophotographic photoreceptor, including a photosensitive layer formed on an electroconductive substrate. The photosensitive layer includes a charge-generating material and an electron-transporting material, and the electron-transporting material includes first and second electron-transporting materials. A difference in lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy between the first electron-transporting material and the charge-generating material is in a range from 1.0 to 1.5 eV, and a difference in LUMO energy between the second electron-transporting material and the charge-generating material is in a range from 0.6 to 0.9 eV. A ratio of mass of the second electron-transporting material to a total of mass of the first electron-transporting material and the mass of the second electron-transporting material is in a range from 3 to 40%.

Provided is a process cartridge having a charging member and an electrophotographic photosensitive member to be charged by being in contact with the charging member, wherein the electrophotographic photosensitive member has a support and a photosensitive layer in this order, and a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member has a Martens hardness of 230 N/mm.sup.2 or less.

Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member that can achieve both of abrasion resistance and the suppression of a ghost. The electrophotographic photosensitive member includes: a support; an undercoat layer; a charge-generating layer; and a charge-transporting layer, the undercoat layer, the charge-generating layer, and the charge-transporting layer being arranged in the stated order on the support, wherein the charge-transporting layer includes a charge-transporting substance, and a polymer containing a structure represented by the following general formula (1) and a structure represented by the following general formula (2), wherein the charge-generating layer includes a phthalocyanine crystal and a binder resin, and wherein the undercoat layer includes strontium titanate particles and a binder resin.

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The present disclosure provides an electrophotographic photosensitive member that can suppress a black spot and an exposure memory. The electrophotographic photosensitive member has a support, an undercoat layer and a photosensitive layer having a mono-layer structure in this order, wherein the undercoat layer contains a binder resin and strontium titanate particles; and the photosensitive layer having a mono-layer structure contains a binder resin, a charge generation material, a hole transport material and an electron transport material.

An electrophotographic photoconductor includes, in sequence, a support member; an undercoating layer containing a binder resin and an inorganic particle; and a photosensitive layer, wherein the binder resin of the undercoating layer is an alkyd-melamine resin, and the inorganic particle of the undercoating layer contains a strontium titanate particle.