A process cartridge detachably attachable to a main body of an electrophotographic apparatus, the process cartridge including an electrophotographic photosensitive member, a toner, and a developing member that feeds the toner to the electrophotographic photosensitive member, wherein the electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a surface layer containing a (meth)acrylic resin having a urethane structure, the toner includes a toner particle and a hydrotalcite particle as an external additive, and the hydrotalcite particle contains fluorine in filter fitting analysis in STEM-EDS analysis.

Provided is a process cartridge removably mountable onto a main body of an electrophotographic apparatus, the process cartridge comprising an electrophotographic photosensitive member, a toner, and a developing member configured to supply the toner to the electrophotographic photosensitive member, wherein, in filter fitting analysis in STEM-EDS analysis, a hydrotalcite particle comprises fluorine, and wherein, when a number-average primary particle diameter of a particle A is represented by “m” [nm], a content ratio of the particle A with respect to the surface layer is represented by “p” [vol %], and a number-average primary particle diameter of the hydrotalcite particle is represented by “h” [nm], the “m”, the “p”, and the “h” satisfy the following expressions, respectively:

5≤m≤300  Expression (1);

5≤p≤40  Expression (2); and

60≤h≤1,000  Expression (3).

A dispersant-attached polytetrafluoroethylene particle includes a polytetrafluoroethylene particle; and a dispersant that contains a fluorine atom and is attached to a surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene particle. The dispersant-attached polytetrafluoroethylene particle has a particle size distribution index [D.sub.50-D.sub.10] of 50 nm or more.

An electrophotographic photosensitive member having a support and a photosensitive layer on the support, wherein the electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a surface layer comprising a polymerization product of a composition containing polyrotaxane and a charge transporting substance, and the polymerization product including a bond between the polyrotaxane and the charge transporting substance.

A dispersant-attached polytetrafluoroethylene particle includes a polytetrafluoroethylene particle and a dispersant that attaches to a surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene particle and contains a fluorine atom. The particle size distribution index [D.sub.50-D.sub.10] is less than 50 nm and the electrical conductivity is 7 μS/cm or less.

Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member including a surface layer containing: a copolymerization product of a composition containing a hole-transportable compound having a chain-polymerizable functional group and a compound having a specific structure; and metal oxide particles.

Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member including: a support, a photosensitive layer provided on the support, and a surface layer provided on the photosensitive layer, wherein the surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a cured product of a composition containing a charge transporting substance having a polymerizable functional group, a compound having a specific structure, a fluororesin particle, and polyvinyl acetal.

A charge transport molecule contains four radical polymerizable functional groups of the general structure exemplified below: ##STR00001##
where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 contain a spacer group and a radical polymerizable functional group, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are hydrogen atoms, and R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 contain a spacer group and a radical polymerizable functional group wherein the spacer group of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 is an ethyl group and the radical polymerizable functional group of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 is an acrylate group.

Provided is a process cartridge including: an electrophotographic photoreceptor; a charging unit configured to charge the electrophotographic photoreceptor through abutment against the electrophotographic photoreceptor; a developing unit configured to develop an electrostatic latent image formed on the electrophotographic photoreceptor with a toner to form a toner image; and a cleaning unit configured to remove the toner on the electrophotographic photoreceptor by bringing a blade into abutment against the electrophotographic photoreceptor, wherein the toner includes a toner base containing a coloring agent and a binder resin, and has a surface layer containing an organosilicon polymer having a specific sticking ratio to a toner base, and wherein the electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a supporting member and a surface layer, and the surface layer has a specific universal hardness value and a specific elastic deformation ratio (We).

An overcoat layer for an organic photoconductor drum includes a curable composition having about 20 to about 80 percent by weight of a charge transport molecule containing four radical polymerizable functional groups as exemplified below: ##STR00001##
where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 contain a spacer group and a radical polymerizable functional group, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are hydrogen atoms, and R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 contain a spacer group and a radical polymerizable functional group. The curable composition may also include a non-radical polymerizable additive, such as a surfactant, and/or a curing agent.