An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes: a conductive support; a photosensitive layer disposed on the conductive support; and a protective layer disposed on the photosensitive layer, wherein the protective layer is formed of a polymerized and cured product of a radically polymerizable composition containing a radically polymerizable monomer, a perfluoropolyether compound having a radically polymerizable group, and metal oxide fine particles having a radically polymerizable group.

An electrophotographic member which has resistance to discharge degradation and can maintain the toner releasability for a long period is provided. The electrophotographic member includes a substrate and a surface layer. The surface layer includes a binder resin having an acrylic skeleton and a modified silicone compound having a polyether group and a hydroxyl group in a molecule, the surface layer having a surface having a n-hexadecane contact angle of 30 or more.

A method of forming an overcoat layer. The method comprises providing a substrate having an imaging structure formed thereon, the imaging structure comprising (i) a charge transport layer and a charge generating layer, or (ii) an imaging layer comprising both charge generating material and charge transport material. An overcoat composition is deposited on the imaging structure, the overcoat composition comprising a charge transport molecule, a fluorinated building block, a leveling agent, a liquid carrier and optionally a first catalyst. The fluorinated building block is a fluorinated alkyl monomer substituted at the and positions with a hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl or aldehyde functional group or the anhydrides of any of those functional groups. The overcoat composition is cured to form an overcoat layer that is a fluorinated structured organic film, the curing comprising treating an outer surface of the overcoat composition with at least one cross-linking process. The crosslinking process forms a cross-linking gradient in the overcoat layer. If the overcoat composition comprises the first catalyst, there is an insufficient amount of the first catalyst to fully cross-link the overcoat layer.

An organic photoreceptor including a photosensitive layer disposed on an electrically conductive substrate; and a protective layer disposed on the photosensitive layer, wherein the protective layer includes a cured product of a multifunctional acrylic oligomer including a urethane group and a multifunctional curable compound including a dendrimeric structure.

A method of preparing a photoconductor drum according to one example embodiment includes preparing a curable overcoat composition including solids content mixed with an organic solvent. The solids content includes about 60 percent to about 95 percent by weight of a urethane resin, about 5 percent to about 40 percent by weight of nano metal oxide particles, and about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent by weight of a silicone additive selected from one or more of polydimethyl siloxane or a phenyl-modified silicone derivative of polydimethyl siloxane. The method includes coating the overcoat composition onto the photoconductor drum as an outmost layer of the photoconductor drum and curing the overcoat composition.

A photoconductor drum according to one example embodiment includes an overcoat layer forming an outermost layer of the photoconductor drum. The overcoat layer is formed from a curable composition having a solids content that includes: about 60 percent to about 95 percent by weight of a urethane resin, about 5 percent to about 40 percent by weight of nano metal oxide particles, and about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent by weight of a silicone additive selected from one or more of polydimethyl siloxane or a phenyl-modified silicone derivative of polydimethyl siloxane.

There is provided an electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising: a support, a photosensitive layer, and a surface layer in this order, wherein an outer surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member exhibits a wrinkled shape by having a concavo-convex shape, the surface layer comprises a binder resin and an inorganic particle, and at least a part of the inorganic particle exposes at a concave portion of the concavo-convex shape.