A multiparameter integrated online monitoring system and method for at least one energy storage battery based on Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) are provided. The system includes multiple sensors based on the FBG including a temperature, a strain, a pressure, a current, a voltage and a gas sensor, a FBG demodulator, a computer, and transmission optical fibers. The multiple sensors are connected in series on one transmission optical fiber and can be multiplexed to establish the multiparameter integrated and distributed optical fiber sensing monitoring network from single battery to module, or from single battery to cluster, or from single battery to energy storage system. The system has advantages of simple structure, small occupied space, anti-electromagnetic interference, corrosion resistance, multiparameter integration and distributed simultaneous measurement. It can monitor the status of the multiple parameters in real time, so as to judge the charge, health status and remaining life of the battery.

Use of a sensor read out system with at least one fiber optical sensor, which is connected via at least one signal line to a processing unit as part of an additive manufacturing setup, for in situ and real time quality control of a running additive manufacturing process. Acoustic emission is measured via the at least one fiber optical sensor in form of fibers with Bragg grating, fibre interferometer or Fabry-Perot structure, followed by a signal transfer and an analysis of the measured signals in the processing unit, estimation of the sintering or melting process quality due to correlation between sintering or melting quality and measured acoustic emission signals and subsequent adaption of ion and electron beams, microwave or laser sintering or melting parameters of a ion and electron beams, microwave or laser electronics of the additive manufacturing setup in real times via a feedback loop as a result of the measured acoustic emission signals after interpretation with an algorithmic framework in the processing unit.

A device and system for enabling calibration of a structure includes at least one elongate strap having a lower temperature coefficient than the structure, and a length sufficient to encompass a circumference of an external surface of the structure, and at least one diffraction grating having a temperature coefficient at least as high as the structure, wherein the diffraction grating is coupled to the strap and is in direct contact with the external surface of the structure. Deformations in the external surface of the structure induce corresponding deformations in the diffraction grating.

A cable comprising: a plurality of optical fiber cores; and one or more optical fiber core wires including one or more of the optical fiber cores. Further, at least one of the optical fiber core wire is fixed at a plurality of positions in a longitudinal direction of the cable so as to achieve substantially no displacement in a cable radial direction, at least a pair of the optical fiber core wires are fixed in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cable so as to achieve substantially no displacement relative to each other, and sensing of a strain profile in the longitudinal direction of at least the pair of the optical fiber core wires leads to achievement of sensing of a shape of the cable in the longitudinal direction.

A corrosion monitoring system includes one or more objects coupled to respective portions of a transformer tank. The one or more objects are configured to corrode before the respective portions of the transformer tank. At least one optical sensor is coupled to each of the objects. The at least one optical sensor has an optical output that changes in response to strain of the object. An analyzer is coupled to the at least one optical sensor. The analyzer is configured to perform one or more of detecting and predicting corrosion of the transformer tank based on the output of the at least one optical sensor.

An interferometric demodulation system for a large capacity fiber grating sensing network is provided by the present disclosure, comprising: a continuous light output end of the nanoscale wide-spectrum light source is connected to an input end of the pulse optical modulator, an output end of the reference grating is connected to an input end of the grating array sensing network, and a third communication end of the optical circulator is connected to an input end of the optical amplifier, an output end of the optical amplifier is connected to an input end of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, three-channel signal output ends of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer are respectively connected to signal input ends corresponding to the embedded signal processor through the photoelectric converter, and the embedded signal processor controls the heating device to control a temperature of an any one of interference arms of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer.

System and method for in-process cure monitoring of a material utilizes one or more sensors such as fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) or phase-shifted FBGs (PS-FBGs) and at least one optical line fiber connected to the sensor(s). The sensor(s) and the optical line may be embedded in the material prior to curing the material may comprise a fiber reinforced polymer. Waves are excited into the material during curing thereof to form guided waves that propagate through the material. At least one wave metric of the guided waves is measured utilizing the sensor(s).

A measuring arrangement for fiber Bragg grating measurement points and particularly a measuring arrangement for two fiber Bragg gratings (FBG), wherein a first measurement point is subjected to tension and a second measurement point is subjected to pressure, or vice versa. The circuit arrangement includes a broadband light source, a first beam splitter, a second beam splitter, a third beam splitter, a fourth beam splitter, a fifth beam splitter, photodiodes and an optical delay element.

Described are optical fibers, e.g., for use in stress-sensing or shape-sensing applications, that use overlapping grating configurations with chirped gratings to facilitate strain delay registration. In accordance with various embodiments, a fiber core may, for instance, have two overlapping sets of chirped gratings that differ in the direction of the chirp between the first and second sets, or a set of chirped gratings overlapping with a single-frequency grating. Also described are strain sensing systems and associated computational methods employing optical fibers with overlapping gratings.

An energetic material device is disclosed. The energetic material device can include a casing. The energetic material device can also include an energetic material in a solid state within the casing. In addition, the energetic material device can include an optical sensor encased within the energetic material to sense a condition of the energetic material. An energetic material monitoring system is also disclosed. The energetic material monitoring system can include an energetic material device. The energetic material device can include a casing. The energetic material device can also include an energetic material in a solid state within the casing. In addition, the energetic material device can include an optical sensor encased within the energetic material. The energetic material monitoring system can also include an interrogator in communication with the optical sensor via an optical fiber.