A multiple energetic penetration and damage progression sensor is disclosed. A grid of sensing lines, such as passive optical fibers, is formed by laying the sensing lines in a crossing pattern to form a 2-Dimensional or 3-Dimensional coordinate grid. Signal receivers such as photo-detectors are connected to one or both ends of the sensing lines, and a data processor interprets received signals. When an impact or energetic penetration occurs at a location on or near a sensing line, energy passes down the sensing line in both directions away from the point of impact or penetration. Each pair of X-Y or X-Y-Z recordings from receivers receiving the energy is processed to determine a location, penetration volume and progression in time of the impact or penetration. This sensor can be made conformal to any regular and continuous surface geometry, volume geometry, or surfaces or volumes of physical objects of interest.

Fiber optic sensors based on multicore optical fibers that are intended for use in harsh environment sensing. This multicore fiber comprises an arrangement of optically coupled cores in a silica background. Sensors are fabricated by splicing a section of multicore fiber between two single mode fibers. This multicore fiber sensor is simple and repeatable to fabricate and multiple sensors can be multiplexed in a chain. These fiber optic sensors are intended for a broad set of sensing applications including temperature, pressure, strain, bending, acoustic vibrations, mechanical vibrations, or combinations thereof.

The approach relates to a procedure for determining a signal transmission quality of a light transmission path, which consists of a light transmitter on one end and a light receiver on its other end. A transmitter code is received in a first step. The transmitter code hereby represents a signal which is transmitted from the light transmitter to the light receiver. In a further step the receiver code is read in. The receiver code hereby represents a signal which was provided by the light receiver by using the transmitter code. The determining of a degree of correspondency between the transmitter code and the receiver code is performed in a final step of determining, in order to define the signal transmission quality of the light transmission path.

An optical fiber sensing system according to the present disclosure includes: an optical fiber network (10) configured to detect first sensing information related to a first monitoring target and second sensing information related to a second monitoring target; a reception unit (21) configured to receive an optical signal from the optical fiber network (10); a specification unit (22) configured to specify a first monitoring target based on first sensing information superimposed on the optical signal and specify a second monitoring target based on second sensing information superimposed on the optical signal, and a provision unit (23) configured to provide information related to the first monitoring target and information related to the second monitoring target specified by the specification unit (22) for a service providing destination.

A distributed fibre optic sensing (DFOS) method is disclosed. The method includes (a) repeatedly transmitting interrogating optical signals into at least one optical fibre: (b) receiving backscattered optical signals in a distributed manner along the at least one optical fibre: (c) combining the backscattered optical signals and an optical reference signal: (d) processing the combined signals to determine at least one polarisation state change of the backscattered optical signals along the at least one optical fibre; and (e) determining at least one birefringence event based on the at least one polarisation state change