Provided are methods for inhibiting immune responses against microbial antigens. In some embodiments, the methods include administering to the subject a composition containing a plurality of plant-derived exosome-like particles to inhibit immune esponses against microbial antigens. Also provided are methods for inhibiting development of septic shock in subjects, for inhibiting development of cytokine storm in subjects, and for inhibiting SARS-CoV-2-induced cytopathogenic effect. Also provided are compositions that include an exosome-derived nanoparticle comprising a first lipid bilayer and a second lipid bilayer coating the exosome-like nanoparticle and/or fused with the first lipid bilayer, wherein the second lipid bilayer comprises a targeting molecule, and methods for using the compositions to treat diseases, disorders, and conditions and/or to target a therapeutic agent to a cell, tissue, and/or organ of interest.

Provided are methods for inhibiting immune responses against microbial antigens. In some embodiments, the methods include administering to the subject a composition containing a plurality of plant-derived exosome-like particles to inhibit immune esponses against microbial antigens. Also provided are methods for inhibiting development of septic shock in subjects, for inhibiting development of cytokine storm in subjects, and for inhibiting SARS-CoV-2-induced cytopathogenic effect. Also provided are compositions that include an exosome-derived nanoparticle comprising a first lipid bilayer and a second lipid bilayer coating the exosome-like nanoparticle and/or fused with the first lipid bilayer, wherein the second lipid bilayer comprises a targeting molecule, and methods for using the compositions to treat diseases, disorders, and conditions and/or to target a therapeutic agent to a cell, tissue, and/or organ of interest.

A process is disclosed for extracting cannabinoids from plant materials. The process comprises providing a pressurizable extraction vessel having a rotatable drum with baffles, along with providing a solvent permeable filter bag. The plant material is placed within the filter bag, and the filter bag containing the plant material is placed within the extraction vessel. The extraction vessel is then filled with subcritical liquid carbon dioxide and rotated to so that the plant material is in contact with the liquid carbon dioxide. After a selected period of time, the liquid carbon dioxide solvent containing the cannabinoid extracted from the plant material is removed from the vessel, and sent to a separator. The separator separates the cannabinoid from the liquid carbon dioxide solvent.

A process is disclosed for extracting cannabinoids from plant materials. The process comprises providing a pressurizable extraction vessel having a rotatable drum with baffles, along with providing a solvent permeable filter bag. The plant material is placed within the filter bag, and the filter bag containing the plant material is placed within the extraction vessel. The extraction vessel is then filled with subcritical liquid carbon dioxide and rotated to so that the plant material is in contact with the liquid carbon dioxide. After a selected period of time, the liquid carbon dioxide solvent containing the cannabinoid extracted from the plant material is removed from the vessel, and sent to a separator. The separator separates the cannabinoid from the liquid carbon dioxide solvent.

Nutraceutical or pharmaceutical compositions, functional foods, extracts, dietary supplements and food/feed additives enriched in phytochemicals having antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory activity may be derived from the skin, pith, or cortex from stem tubers of select potato cultivars, such as Onaway, Russet Burbank, Purple Valley or Bora Valley cultivars. These cultivars and combinations thereof provide a useful antioxidant source enriched in ferulic acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acids, ascorbic acid, anthocyanins, and rutin, isomers or derivatives thereof having antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory activity.

Nutraceutical or pharmaceutical compositions, functional foods, extracts, dietary supplements and food/feed additives enriched in phytochemicals having antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory activity may be derived from the skin, pith, or cortex from stem tubers of select potato cultivars, such as Onaway, Russet Burbank, Purple Valley or Bora Valley cultivars. These cultivars and combinations thereof provide a useful antioxidant source enriched in ferulic acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acids, ascorbic acid, anthocyanins, and rutin, isomers or derivatives thereof having antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory activity.

Biochemical scaffolds for regulating mammalian cell function. The biochemical scaffolds include a base liquid medium, a bioenergetic platform and a vibrational platform. The bioenergetic platform includes at least one Krebs cycle modulator and/or neurotransmitter modulator. The vibrational platform includes at least one energy signature component, e.g., an herb. The biochemical scaffold is subjected to harmonic oscillation for a defined, predetermined period of time, wherein the energy signature of the energy signature component is imparted to, captured, replicated, and retained by the liquid medium, and, when the biochemical scaffolds are delivered to and, thus, in communication with biological tissue, the biochemical scaffolds induce specific biochemical activities via the resonant transfer of the retained energy signature to the biological tissue and, hence, endogenous cells thereof.

A method for determining a numerical score representative of a patient's health, is characterized by the following steps. At an initial calibration step, a database is established from a series of indicators relating to the state of health of the patient, each indicator being assigned a numerical value, and afterwards a statistical analysis of this database is performed so as to establish for each of said indicators a score depending on a measured value of the indicators of the state of health with respect to reference values, and to establish at least four groups constituted by said indicators, each of said groups representing information corresponding respectively to oxidative stress, hereinafter Group 1; to functions of the digestive brain, hereinafter Group 2; to functions of the reptilian brain, hereinafter Group 3; and to physical abilities of the patient coupled to his information on his general state of health, hereinafter Group 4. Furthermore, a value is assigned to each group, then a health score S specific to the patient is calculated using the formula:

S=(Value Group 1+(2* Value Group 2)+(2* Value Group 3)+(3* Value Group 4))/(2* Number of groups)

A method for determining a numerical score representative of a patient's health, is characterized by the following steps. At an initial calibration step, a database is established from a series of indicators relating to the state of health of the patient, each indicator being assigned a numerical value, and afterwards a statistical analysis of this database is performed so as to establish for each of said indicators a score depending on a measured value of the indicators of the state of health with respect to reference values, and to establish at least four groups constituted by said indicators, each of said groups representing information corresponding respectively to oxidative stress, hereinafter Group 1; to functions of the digestive brain, hereinafter Group 2; to functions of the reptilian brain, hereinafter Group 3; and to physical abilities of the patient coupled to his information on his general state of health, hereinafter Group 4. Furthermore, a value is assigned to each group, then a health score S specific to the patient is calculated using the formula:

S=(Value Group 1+(2* Value Group 2)+(2* Value Group 3)+(3* Value Group 4))/(2* Number of groups)

An object of the present invention is to provide a senescence retarding agent that delays the onset of senescence symptoms and extends longevity, and is superior in safety. The senescence retarding agent of the present invention that achieves the object is characterized by containing a plant fermentation product as an active ingredient, the plant fermentation product being a mixture of the following: (a) a koji mold-fermented product of one or more kinds of beans and/or cereals selected from the group consisting of barley, black soybean, red rice, black rice, adzuki bean, adlay, Japanese millet, foxtail millet, and millet; (b) a yeast- and/or lactic acid bacterium-fermented product of one or more kinds of fruits selected from the group consisting of mikan (mandarin orange), grape, apple, yama-budo (crimson glory grape), peach, kaki (Japanese persimmon), papaya, nashi (Japanese pear), watermelon, ume (Japanese apricot), fig, karin (Chinese quince), pumpkin, kumquat, yuzu (Chinese lemon), loquat, apricot, jujube, chestnut, matatabi (silvervine), and sumomo (Japanese plum); (c) a yeast- and/or lactic acid bacterium-fermented product of one or more kinds of root crops and/or potatoes selected from the group consisting of murasaki-imo (purple sweet potato), kikuimo (Jerusalem artichoke), carrot, onion, satsuma-imo (sweet potato), satoimo (taro), jinenzyo (Japanese yam), daikon (Japanese radish), akakabu (red turnip), gobo (burdock root), renkon (lotus root), yacon, yuri-ne (lily bulb), kuwai (arrowhead), ginger, garlic, and turmeric; (d) a yeast- and/or lactic acid bacterium-fermented product of one or more kinds of flowers and/or leaf vegetables selected from the group consisting of cabbage, shiso (perilla), mulberry leaves, dokudami (Korean houttuynia), yomogi (wormwood), kumazasa (kuma bamboo grass), and dandelion; (e) a yeast- and/or lactic acid bacterium-fermented product of one or more kinds of seaweeds selected from the group consisting of kombu (sea tangle), wakame (Undaria pinnatifida), and mozuku (Nemacystus decipiens); (f) a yeast- and/or lactic acid bacterium-fermented product of one or more kinds of seeds selected from the group consisting of black sesame seeds, walnuts, and ginkgo nuts; and (g) a yeast- and/or lactic acid bacterium-fermented product of one or two kinds of mushrooms selected from the group consisting of maitake (Grifola frondosa) and shiitake (Lentinus edodes).