Example methods, devices, and systems for optical transmission are disclosed. An example method can comprise coupling a plurality of optical filters to a substrate. The method can comprise coupling a polymeric waveguide to the plurality of optical filters. The polymeric waveguide can be configured to guide a free space optical signal along the polymeric waveguide and communicate, via the plurality of optical filters, one or more components of the free optical space signal to an integrated chip.

The present invention provides a method for fabricating a metallic micro/nanostructure at an optical fiber end-facet by the glue-and-strip method, wherein, firstly a metallic micro/nanostructure is fabricated on a substrate which has a relatively low binding force with it, then an optical fiber end-facet is applied with an adhesive, or a surface of the metallic micro/nanostructure is applied with the adhesive, after that, the optical fiber end-facet and the metallic micro/nanostructure are glued at a predetermined angle, and finally, the adhesive is cured and the optical fiber end-facet and the metallic micro/nanostructure are stripped off the substrate to complete the fabrication. The present invention is based on the idea in the glue-and-strip method that a noble metal is stripped off a weakly bound substrate, and thus demonstrates a new method which enables fabricating a metallic micro/nanostructure at an optical fiber end-facet with high quality, and the process of which is simple, fast, and low cost.

An optical wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) device utilizing a mechanism of folded optical-path includes multiple collimators, optical filters, prism, and glass plate. The collimators are capable of collimating optical lights for facilitating free-space optical communication. The optical filters optically coupled with the collimators provide filtering functions to separate optical wavelengths in accordance with the configurations or characteristics of optical filters. The prism having an interface surface and two side surfaces is configured to direct or redirect optical beams based on the angle of incidence (AOI) of each optical beam received. The glass plate, in one embodiment, physically configured to be situated in parallel with the collimators is capable of providing free-space optical paths for facilitating separation of wavelengths.

A display device including a display panel and a backlight module is provided. The backlight module is correspondingly disposed below the display panel and includes light-emitting elements providing light beams and disposed on a circuit board, lens units each being disposed on a corresponding light-emitting element and having a concave inside surface covering the corresponding light-emitting element and a convex outside surface covering the concave inside surface, and an inverse prism sheet disposed between the lens units and the display panel, and the inverse prism sheet having inverse prisms with a vertex corner. At least a portion of the light beams emitted from the convex outside surface each has a predetermined light-emitting angle .sub.o larger than 30 degrees and less than 90 degrees. The backlight module has a height of cavity D being a distance between the vertex corner and the circuit board, and 10 mD<30 mm.

Light detection devices and corresponding methods are provided. The devices include a reaction structure to contain a reaction solution and at least one reaction site that generates light emissions in response to incident excitation light after treatment with the reaction solution. The devices also include a plurality of light sensors and device circuitry. The devices further include a plurality of light guides extending toward at least one corresponding light sensor from input regions that receive the excitation light and the light emissions from at least one corresponding reaction recess. The light guides comprise a first filter region that filters the excitation light and permits the light emissions of a first wavelength to pass to the at least one corresponding light sensor, and a second filter region that filters the excitation light and the permits light emissions of a second wavelength to pass to the at least one corresponding light sensor.

In the case of implementing a polarization separation circuit, a polarization rotator, and the like by inserting a thin-film element into a substrate in one optical interference circuit, one common large-sized groove shared among a plurality of thin-film elements for their insertion has been formed. The optical waveguide type device of the present invention is configured such that at least one groove intersects only one corresponding optical waveguide for inserting the thin-film element and does not intersect other optical waveguides adjacent to the one corresponding optical waveguide. This groove substantially has a rectangular shape, and has a minimum size adapted to the thin-film element to be inserted so as to stably hold and fix the thin-film element in the groove. Adjacent grooves are formed so as to be arranged such that their portions in a direction substantially vertical to the optical waveguide are facing each other.

An optical signal isolation device comprising a common port, an isolated diagnostic port, an integrated circulator comprising an input circulator fiber, an output circulator fiber, and a fiber-to-fiber optical coupler configured to couple an isolated optical signal propagating along the input circulator fiber to the output circulator fiber for propagation along the output circulator fiber, a multi-fiber alignment body that secures at least portions of each of the multi-signal fiber, the isolated diagnostic signal fiber, the input circulator fiber, and the output circulator fiber, and a wavelength-selective optical assembly including an optical signal filter, fiber-to-filter focusing optics, and a communications signal reflector. The integrated circulator and the wavelength selective optical assembly are configured such that the communications component is retro-reflected back to the common port and the diagnostic component is passes out of the isolated diagnostic port.

A wavelength division multiplexing filter and methods of forming the same include an optical dielectric filter having multiple dielectric layers. The optical dielectric filter has a high reflectivity at a first wavelength and a high transmissivity at one or more additional wavelengths. The dielectric layers include a structure of layers following the pattern L-[M/2-H-M/2]N-L, where L layers include a first dielectric material, H layers include a second dielectric material, M/2 layers have a mixture of the first and second dielectric material and have a thickness half that needed to provide reflectivity at the first wavelength, and N is a number of repetitions for the structure in brackets.

A single-fiber bidirectional sub assembly includes a base, a laser, an optical receiver, a wavelength splitter, and a sealing cover with a lens. The base includes a surface, an accommodation groove is disposed on the surface, the accommodation groove includes a groove bottom wall parallel to the surface, a wavelength division surface is disposed in the wavelength splitter, the optical receiver is disposed on the groove bottom wall, the wavelength splitter is disposed in the accommodation groove, and shields the optical receiver, the laser is located on one side of the accommodation groove, and the wavelength division surface faces the laser, and an included angle is formed between the wavelength division surface and the groove bottom wall on which the optical receiver is located; and the sealing cover covers the base, and accommodates the laser, the optical receiver, and the wavelength splitter.

An optical fiber having metallic micro/nano-structure on end-facet, and a fabrication method and an application method thereof. The metallic micro/nano-structure is a micro-nano structure resonance cavity on a metallic film, and generates surface plasmon resonance when an optical fiber guided wave is incident. In the fabrication method according to the present invention, the metallic micro/nano-structure on the surface of the substrate is aligned with and is adhered to the end-facet of the optical fiber, and is removed for transferring to the end-facet of the optical fiber. In the application method according to the present invention, the end-facet of the optical fiber is contacted with or moved towards a medium, and a refractive index of the medium is measured by measuring reflection of an optical fiber guided wave by the metallic micro/nano-structure resonance cavity.