A connection structure for optical waveguide chips includes a silica-based PLC in which grooves are formed, spacer steel balls fitted in the grooves, and silica-based PLCs in which grooves into which the spacer steel balls to be fitted are formed, the silica-based PLCs being mounted on the silica-based PLC by being supported by the spacer steel balls. A conductor wire formed in the silica-based PLC and a conductor wire formed in the silica-based PLC are electrically connected to each other by a conductor film formed in the groove, the spacer steel balls and a conductor film formed in the groove.

A method of manufacturing an optical module is provided. The optical module includes an optical block having two positioning projections, a substrate, an optical element, and a positioning frame formed of a material having a coefficient of linear expansion that differs from that of the substrate. The positioning frame having two sides, positioning holes, and narrow portions, the positioning holes and the narrow portions being provided at the two sides. The method includes fixing the positioning frame on the substrate by a heat-curable adhesive provided at a portion excluding the positioning holes and the narrow portions, mounting the optical element on the substrate, press-fitting the two positioning projections of the optical block into the two positioning holes of the positioning frame, and fixing the optical block, the positioning frame, and the substrate to each other.

A fiber plug facilitates optical coupling of a light-guiding fiber to a plug receptacle and includes a plug housing for receiving and locking parts of the fiber plug in position relative to one another. The plug housing has: a fiber inlet and a fiber bearing for the spatially fixed reception of the fiber; optically downstream of the fiber bearing along a beam path, an optical lens for collecting light exiting at an end face of the light-guiding fiber and for collimating the collected light; and a coupling surface with an output of the beam path and with a coupling structure for connection to a receptacle structure that is complementary to the coupling structure. An adjustable optical element is arranged optically downstream of the fiber bearing in the beam path and has a first component of a magnetic coupling consisting of two components and a first component of a kinematic coupling.

In one aspect, a handheld lighting system is disclosed, which comprises a handheld housing extending from a proximal end to a distal end, and a light module disposed at least partially in the housing. The handheld lighting system further includes a removable and replaceable power module that is coupled to the housing (e.g., it is at least partially disposed within the housing) and is electrically coupled to the light module, e.g., through a pair of electrical leads, for providing electrical power thereto. Light intensity from the light module may be controlled from a knob on the power module. Various adapters can allow the lighting system to attach to a multitude of medical, industrial, dental or veterinary endoscopes or other instruments.

Various embodiments may provide an optical assembly. The optical assembly may include a substrate with a first and a second grooves, and a photonic integrated circuit chip with a coupling waveguide, a first and a second grooves. The optical assembly may further include a first and a second cylindrical rods held by the respective grooves of the substrate and the photonic integrated circuit chip. A portion of the first rod and a portion of the second rod define a vertical offset between the photonic integrated circuit chip and the substrate to align the coupling waveguide with an optical fiber.

A connection structure of optical waveguide chips includes a base substrate (2003) in which grooves (2013) are formed, spacer optical fibers (2006) each disposed for a corresponding one of the grooves (2013) and fitted in the groove (2013) while partially projecting from the base substrate (2003), and silica-based PLCs (2001, 2002) that are a plurality of optical waveguide chips in each of which grooves (2007) fitted on the projecting portions of the spacer optical fibers (2006) are formed at positions of an optical waveguide layer (2008) facing the grooves (2013), and each of which is mounted on the base substrate (2003) while being supported by the spacer optical fibers (2006). The silica-based PLCs (2001, 2002) are mounted on the base substrate (2003) such that incident/exit end faces of the optical waveguide layers (2008) face each other.

Optical apparatus comprises: a body comprising material; a plurality of optical elements formed of the material of the body; and a plurality of alignment holes formed in the material of the body, wherein: the alignment holes comprise fibre or other waveguide alignment holes aligned with one or more of the optical elements, and/or the alignment holes comprise alignment holes configured to receive mechanical elements for fixing and/or aligning the body to at least one further body.

A connection structure of optical waveguide chips includes a base substrate (2003) in which grooves (2013) are formed, spacer optical fibers (2006) each disposed for a corresponding one of the grooves (2013) and fitted in the groove (2013) while partially projecting from the base substrate (2003), and silica-based PLCs (2001, 2002) that are a plurality of optical waveguide chips in each of which grooves (2007) fitted on the projecting portions of the spacer optical fibers (2006) are formed at positions of an optical waveguide layer (2008) facing the grooves (2013), and each of which is mounted on the base substrate (2003) while being supported by the spacer optical fibers (2006). The silica-based PLCs (2001, 2002) are mounted on the base substrate (2003) such that incident/exit end faces of the optical waveguide layers (2008) face each other.

Optoelectronic systems with an adapter and methods of manufacturing or assembling the same are provided. An example of an optoelectronic system according to the present disclosure includes a substrate, an interposer, an electronic component disposed on the interposer, and an optical component. The optoelectronic system includes a ferrule and an optical fiber coupled to the ferrule. The optoelectronic system also includes an optical socket configured to receive the ferrule therein. The optoelectronic system further includes an adapter positioned between the interposer and the optical socket. The adapter has a wedge-shaped configuration such that the ferrule is disposed at a non-zero angle relative to the interposer when the ferrule is received in the optical socket and the optical socket is coupled to the adapter.

In one aspect, a handheld lighting system is disclosed, which comprises a handheld housing extending from a proximal end to a distal end, and a light module disposed at least partially in the housing. The handheld lighting system further includes a removable and replaceable power module that is coupled to the housing (e.g., it is at least partially disposed within the housing) and is electrically coupled to the light module, e.g., through a pair of electrical leads, for providing electrical power thereto. Light intensity from the light module may be controlled from a knob on the power module. Various adapters can allow the lighting system to attach to a multitude of medical, industrial, dental or veterinary endoscopes or other instruments.