A polarizer includes a light uniformizing structure. The light uniformizing structure includes a light-diffusion particle layer. The light-diffusion particle layer is configured to improve uniformity of light rays passing through the polarizer.

An optical film includes a first pattern layer including a base part and a plurality of protruding parts disposed on the base part, and having a first refractive index, and a second pattern layer disposed on the first pattern layer and having a second refractive index greater than the first refractive index. Each of the protruding parts includes a bottom surface adjacent to the base part, an upper surface opposite to the bottom surface and parallel to the bottom surface, and a side surface disposed between the bottom surface and the upper surface. The side surface includes three or more sub-inclined surfaces, inclination angles of which are different from each other, or includes a curved surface which is convex in a direction of the second pattern layer.

A display substrate, a display panel, and a display device are provided. The display substrate of the present invention can realize an integration of an optical film and optical path system of an original backlight module onto the display substrate by adding a first functional layer, a second functional layer, and a first polarizing layer. The display device uses the display substrate described in the present invention and adds an optical layer on the display substrate, so that the display device or a display apparatus can be thinned and lightened, and a reliability of a light source module can be improved.

The present disclosure provides a reflective polarizer module characterized by comprising: a first light collecting sheet including a first structuring pattern having a first unit light collector, the cross-sectional area of which is reduced progressively upward, which is disposed continuously in a repetitive manner, and collecting a light transmitted from below; a reflective polarizer sheet disposed in a stacked configuration on the top of the first light collecting sheet, and selectively transmitting the light by having a plurality of stacked layers having mutually different refractive indices; and a light recycling improving sheet disposed at the bottom of the reflective polarizer sheet, and randomly changing the polarized direction of the light which is not transmitted through the reflective polarizer sheet but is reflected downward.

A display device is disclosed. The display device includes display unit and a negative refractive index functional layer on the display unit. The negative refractive index functional layer has a negative refractive index with respect to light from the display unit. A method for fabricating the display device is also disclosed.

A display may have an array of pixels. Each pixel may have a light-emitting diode such as an organic light-emitting diode or may be formed from other pixel structures such as liquid crystal display pixel structures. The pixels may emit light such as red, green, and blue light. An angle-of-view adjustment layer may overlap the array of pixels. During operation, light from the pixels passes through the angle-of-view adjustment layer to a user. The viewing angle for the user is enhanced as the angular spread of the emitted light from the pixels is enhanced by the angle-of-view adjustment layer. The angle-of-view adjustment layer may be formed from holographic structures recorded by applying laser beams to a photosensitive layer or may be formed from a metasurface that is created by patterning nanostructures on the display using printing, photolithography, or other patterning techniques.

Provided is a display device with enhanced uniformity of brightness. The display device includes a display panel, and a backlight unit configured to supply light to the display panel, wherein the display panel includes a liquid crystal panel with first and second surfaces opposite to each other, a first polarizing plate arranged on the first surface of the liquid crystal panel, a second polarizing plate arranged on the second surface of the liquid crystal panel, a light absorbing layer arranged on the second polarizing plate to absorb a portion of the light supplied from the backlight unit, and a light absorbing material included in the light absorbing layer to absorb light of particular wavelengths.

A display module includes a backlight module, a liquid crystal layer disposed on the backlight module, and a first light-expanding layer disposed on the liquid crystal layer. The backlight module provides a surface light source. The surface light source forms an image light through the liquid crystal layer, and the first light-expanding layer increases the viewing angle range of the image light along a first direction. The first light-expanding layer substantially extends along a virtual plane, the first direction is perpendicular to the normal of the virtual plane, and a second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the normal of the virtual plane. The light intensity at the 60-degree viewing angle of the surface light source along the first direction is lower than the light intensity at the 60-degree viewing angle of the surface light source along the second direction.

An optical composite film includes a first optically-uniaxial optical film layer, a second optically-uniaxial optical film layer, and a reflection grating film layer. The first optically-uniaxial optical film layer includes a plate-shaped portion and a plurality of refraction portions disposed on a side of the plate-shaped portion, the plurality of refraction portions is selected from a type of camber columns and quadrangular prisms, the second optically-uniaxial optical film layer is stacked on a side of the plate-shaped portion close to the refraction portion, an extraordinary light refractive index of the first optically-uniaxial optical film layer is greater than an ordinary light refractive index of the second optically-uniaxial optical film layer, and a material of the first optically-uniaxial optical film layer is the same as a material of the second optically-uniaxial optical film layer.

Optical enhancement and diffuser panels are provided for liquid crystal modules integrated in electronic devices. For example the enhancement and diffuser panels can be for backlight enhancement and diffusing in electronic devices having an integrated optical fingerprint sensor. The enhancement and diffuser panels include film layers that refract and diffuse light passing through in one direction (e.g., toward a display panel), while providing clear viewing windows for light passing through in the opposite direction (e.g., toward an under-display optical sensor). For example, the film layers can provide backlight enhancement and diffusing, without blurring reflected probe light used for optical sensing.