An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a panel structure, its manufacturing method and a projection system, which can improve optical efficiency of the projection system and reduce the volume of the projection system. The panel structure includes: a first substrate, a second substrate opposite to the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; a reflective electrode at a side of the first substrate facing the second substrate; a transparent beam-splitting film disposed between the reflective electrode and the liquid crystal layer; and a common electrode disposed at a side of the second substrate facing the first substrate.

A three-dimensional light modulator, of which the pixels are combined to form modulation elements. Each modulation element can be coded with a preset discrete value such that three-dimensionally arranged object points can be holographically reconstructed. The light modulator is characterized in that assigned to the pixels of the modulator are beam splitters or beam combiners which, for each modulation element, combine the light wave parts modulated by the pixels by means of refraction or diffraction on the output side to form a common light beam which exits the modulation element in a set propagation direction.

A projection display unit includes: an illumination optical system including one or more light sources; a reflective liquid crystal device that generates image light by modulating light from the illumination optical system, based on an input image signal; a polarizing beam splitter disposed on an optical path between the illumination optical system and the reflective liquid crystal device; a polarization compensation device disposed on an optical path between the polarizing beam splitter and the reflective liquid crystal device, and the polarization compensation device that provides a phase difference to light incident thereon to change a polarization state of the light; and a projection optical system that projects image light generated by the reflective liquid crystal device and then being incident thereon through an optical path, the optical path passing through the polarization compensation device and the polarizing beam splitter. The polarization compensation device has a first surface and a second surface that faces each other along an optical axis, and provides a phase difference between absolute values at light incidence from the first surface and at light incidence from the second surface, the absolute values being opposite in polarity to each other and being substantially equal to each other.

An illumination unit includes: a light source section including a laser light source; an optical-path branching device outputting light incident from the light source section, by branching the light into an outgoing optical path of illumination light and other optical path; a photodetector receiving a light flux that travels on the other optical path; a control section controlling an emitted light quantity in the laser light source, based on a quantity of the light flux received by the photodetector; and a light-quantity-distribution control device disposed between the optical-path branching device and the photodetector on the other optical path, the light-quantity-distribution control device controlling a light quantity distribution in the light flux to be incident upon the photodetector.

A display device includes a light source, a light-directing element, a reflective display element, and a microlens array. The light-directing element is disposed on the transmission path of a lighting beam provided by the light source for projecting the lighting beam toward the first direction. The reflective display element includes a plurality of micro-image units, wherein each micro-image unit converts the lighting beam projected from the light-directing element into an sub-image beam and reflects the sub-image beam. The microlens array is disposed on the transmission path of the sub-image beams, wherein the light-directing element is located between the microlens array and the reflective display element. The microlens array includes a plurality of microlenses. Each sub-image beam pass throughs the light-directing element and is projected to an aperture by the corresponding microlens, and the sub-image beams pass through the aperture to form an image beam.

A display device includes a light source, a light-directing element, a first lens, a microlens array, and a reflective display element. The light-directing element is adapted to project a lighting beam provided by the light source toward an incident direction. The first lens is configured to receive the lighting beam projected by the light-directing element and project the lighting beam toward the incident direction. The first lens is located between the microlens array and the light-directing element. The micro-image units of the reflective display element correspond to the microlenses of the microlens array respectively. Each micro-image unit converts the lighting beam into an sub-image beam and reflect the sub-image beam to the microlens array. Each sub-image beam is projected to the first lens by the corresponding microlens, and the sub-image beams pass through the light-directing element and transmit to an aperture to form an image beam.

The present disclosure provides an integrated optical component array and method of making an integrated optical component array useful for projection devices or other optical devices. The integrated optical component array can be a PBS array fabricated such that the individual PBS cubes having several elements can be assembled in a massively parallel manner and then singulated as individual optical components, and can result in a large reduction in manufacturing cost.

A 2D/3D switchable display device is disclosed. Said 2D/3D switchable display device comprises: a backlight panel, a first liquid crystal display panel at a light emergent side of the backlight panel, and a black-and-white second liquid crystal display panel at a light emergent side of the first liquid crystal display panel; wherein during 3D display, the second liquid crystal display panel is fully light-transmissive; during 2D display, liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal display panel are arranged irregularly so as to scatter light emitted from the first liquid crystal display panel.

An illumination unit includes: a light source section including a laser light source; an optical-path branching device outputting light incident from the light source section, by branching the light into an outgoing optical path of illumination light and other optical path; a photodetector receiving a light flux that travels on the other optical path; a control section controlling an emitted light quantity in the laser light source, based on a quantity of the light flux received by the photodetector; and a light-quantity-distribution control device disposed between the optical-path branching device and the photodetector on the other optical path, the light-quantity-distribution control device controlling a light quantity distribution in the light flux to be incident upon the photodetector.

The present invention provides a polarizer excellent in transmittance even if it includes a light-transmitting substrate having no in-plane phase difference. The present invention relates to a polarizer configured to be disposed on a backlight source side in an image display device, the polarizer including at least a light-transmitting substrate having in-plane birefringence and a polarizing element layered in said order from the backlight source side, the light-transmitting substrate receiving incidence of polarized light, the light-transmitting substrate and the polarizing element being layered such that a fast axis of the light-transmitting substrate along a direction in which the substrate shows a smaller refractive index and a transmission axis of the polarizing element form an angle of 030 or 9030.