The present invention provides an optical film including a light reflection layer, in which the light reflection layer is a layer in which alignment of liquid crystal molecules is immobilized, the liquid crystal molecule forms a helical structure in a film thickness direction of the light reflection layer, and a tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecule is 15 to 55. The present invention also provides a manufacturing method of the optical film including curing a polymerizable liquid crystal composition including a liquid crystal compound and a chiral agent interposed between a support and another support. In the optical film according to the present invention, an absolute value of oblique retardation is smaller. In the liquid crystal display device including the optical film, front surface brightness is high and an oblique change in the shade is suppressed.

A method of fabricating a liquid crystal device (LCD) minimizes changes to optical properties of an internal RM retarder. In exemplary embodiments, the fabricating method comprises depositing a plurality of layers in an optical stack, the plurality of layers including from a viewing side: a first linear polariser; an external retarder; a colour filter substrate; a colour filter layer; an internal reactive mesogen (RM) retarder alignment layer; an internal reactive mesogen (RM) retarder; a liquid crystal (LC) layer; a thin film transistor (TFT) substrate; and a second linear polarizer. Any layer that is deposited after the internal RM retarder on a non-viewing side relative to the color filter substrate, and in direct contact with the internal RM retarder, has a solvent concentration at deposition of less than 15% of a solvent that can alter optical properties of the internal RM retarder (e.g., less than 15% NMP).

A wideband compensation stack film comprises a chiral-half-wave compensation film and a chiral-quarter-wave compensation film. The chiral-quarter-wave compensation film is directly in contact with the chiral half-wave compensation film. Along the contact surface, the first layer liquid crystal molecule of the chiral-quarter-wave compensation film is arranged in the last layer of liquid crystal molecule of the chiral-half-wave compensation film. The retardation values (R) and the optical axis (Z) of the stack films follow a linear relationship: R=aZ+b.

A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate disposed on a viewer side relative to the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer provided between the first substrate and the second substrate, a polarizer disposed on the viewer side relative to the liquid crystal layer, and a phase difference layer disposed between the polarizer and the liquid crystal layer, and also includes a plurality of pixels arrayed in a matrix shape. The first substrate includes a reflective layer that reflects light, a first electrode and a second electrode that can generate a transverse electrical field in the liquid crystal layer, and a first horizontal alignment film in contact with the liquid crystal layer. The second substrate includes a second horizontal alignment film in contact with the liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal layer takes a twist alignment when no voltage is applied.

A display device comprising a spatial light modulator having a display polariser arranged on one side is provided with an additional polariser arranged on the same side as the display polariser and a polar control retarder between the additional polariser and the display polariser. The polar control retarder includes a liquid crystal retarder having two surface alignment layers disposed adjacent to a layer of liquid crystal material on opposite sides. The surface alignment layers provide alignment in the adjacent liquid crystal material with a twist. The out-of-plane orientation of the twisted layer of liquid crystal material is modified across at least one region of the display device to provide a transmission function in response to the measured location of an off-axis snooper, achieving increased size of polar region for which desired uniformity of security factor, or reduced distraction across the display to the driver in an automotive application is achieved.

A 3D display device comprises first and second substrates disposed opposite one another; a liquid crystal layer; a color filter layer between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer, a plurality of pixel regions arranged in an array being formed on the color filter layer, and each of the plurality of pixel regions comprising first and second sub-pixels; and a first polarizer on a side of the first substrate, the first polarizer comprising a plurality of wire grid polarizers arranged in an array, two adjacent ones of the plurality of wire grid polarizers comprising a plurality of columns of first sub-wire grid polarizers and second sub-wire grid polarizers which are alternately arranged with each other. An orthographic projection of each column of the first and second sub-wire grid polarizers on the pixel regions is overlapped with at least one column of first sub-pixels and second sub-pixels, respectively.

A wideband compensation stack film comprises a chiral-half-wave compensation film and a chiral-quarter-wave compensation film. The chiral-quarter-wave compensation film is directly in contact with the chiral half-wave compensation film. Along the contact surface, the first layer liquid crystal molecule of the chiral-quarter-wave compensation film is arranged in the last layer of liquid crystal molecule of the chiral-half-wave compensation film. The retardation values (R) and the optical axis (Z) of the stack films follow a linear relationship: R=aZ+b.

A polarization modulation element includes N twisted nematic liquid crystal cells (where N is an integer of 3 or greater) for which a twist direction is identical. A sum of a twist angle of each of the twisted nematic liquid crystal cells is 90?. In at least one of the twisted nematic liquid crystal cells that are adjacent, the alignment axis direction of the light emitting-side substrate and the alignment axis direction of the light incident-side substrate are orthogonal to each other. In the other twisted nematic liquid crystal cells that are adjacent, the alignment axis direction of the light emitting-side substrate and the alignment axis direction of the light incident-side substrate match.

Provided is an optical laminate, an image display device, and a glass composite which are capable of sufficiently shielding light emitted in a direction oblique to a normal direction of a film without occurrence of moire even in a case of being used in a combination with a high-definition image display device. The optical laminate includes, in order, at least a first light absorption anisotropic layer, a refractive index anisotropic layer formed of a one or more layers that contain a liquid crystal compound having a twisted structure, and a second light absorption anisotropic layer, in which the first light absorption anisotropic layer and the second light absorption anisotropic layer contain an anisotropic absorbing material and each have an absorption axis that is aligned at an angle of 60? to 90? with respect to a film surface.

A switchable waveplate includes a substrate, a first electrode layer on the substrate, an alignment layer on the first electrode layer and including alignment patterns formed thereon, a liquid crystal layer on the alignment layer, and a second electrode layer on the liquid crystal layer. The alignment patterns are determined based on angles of interest at a plurality of regions of the switchable waveplate. The liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal molecules that are arranged according to the alignment patterns and are pre-tilted when no electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer. The first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are configured to apply electric fields of different magnitudes to a plurality of zones of the switchable waveplate.