Regioselectively substituted cellulose esters having a plurality of pivaloyl substituents and a plurality of aryl-acyl substituents are disclosed along with methods for making the same. Such cellulose esters may be suitable for use in films, such as +A optical films, and/or +C optical films. Optical films prepared employing such cellulose esters have a variety of commercial applications, such as, for example, as compensation films in liquid crystal displays and/or waveplates in creating circular polarized light used in 3-D technology.

Provided is a horizontal electric field mode reflective or transflective liquid crystal display device that achieves an increased reflectance. The liquid crystal display device sequentially includes: a first substrate; a first alignment layer; a liquid crystal layer containing liquid crystal molecules horizontally aligned with no voltage applied; a second alignment layer; and a second substrate including a pixel electrode and a common electrode, the liquid crystal display device further including a reflective layer disposed in at least part of a pixel at a position closer to a back surface than the first alignment layer, the liquid crystal layer, the second alignment layer, the pixel electrode, and the common electrode, at least one alignment layer of the first alignment layer or the second alignment layer having an azimuthal anchoring energy value of less than 1×10.sup.−4 J/m.sup.2.

Provided is a display apparatus including a first display panel, a second display panel, and at least one light-absorbing layer. The first display panel has a first splicing surface. The second display panel has a second splicing surface opposite to the first splicing surface. The at least one light-absorbing layer is disposed on at least one of the first splicing surface and the second splicing surface.

The invention provides a display device in which the tint is difficult to observe in a case where white display is visually confirmed from a front direction, and the tint is also difficult to observe at any azimuthal angle in a case where white display is visually confirmed from an oblique direction. A display device of the invention includes, from a viewing side, an anisotropic light absorbing layer and a self light emitting display element which emits at least red light, green light, and blue light, the self light emitting display element has a microcavity structure, the anisotropic light absorbing layer is formed of a composition containing a dichroic substance and a liquid crystal compound, the dichroic substance has a maximum absorption wavelength of 400 to 500 nm, and the anisotropic light absorbing layer satisfies a requirement represented by Expression (1) and a requirement represented by Expression (2),

1.50<Amax(60)/A(0)  Expression (1)

1.00≤Amax(60)/Amin(60)≤1.20.  Expression (2)

A liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display apparatus are provided. The liquid crystal display panel includes a first substrate, a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and a second substrate, and the second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate. The second substrate includes a second base, a lower polarizing film positioned under the second base; and a wave plate positioned under the lower polarizing film, and used to reduce ambient light reflected by a reflection film.

A multilayer film including: a first long-length substrate; and an optically anisotropic layer that is formed directly on the first substrate and contains cured liquid crystal molecules, wherein the first substrate has an Nz factor of 1.1 to 3.0, variation of orientation angle of 1.0° or less, and an orientation-regulating force caused by stretching, and an angle formed between a slow axis of the first substrate and a widthwise direction of the first substrate is 0° or more and less than 90°; and manufacturing method and use thereof.

A 3D image pixel in a spatially multiplexed stereo 3D display includes a first left-eye subpixel and a second left-eye subpixel that are both driven when displaying the left-eye image. The 3D image pixel also includes a first right-eye subpixel and a second right-eye subpixel that are both driven when displaying the right-eye image. The subpixels may all have a square shape. Single color emitters in the subpixels of the same eye may be driven by the same electronics. A 3D image pixel in a second spatially multiplexed stereo 3D display includes a left-eye pixel driven when displaying the left-eye image and a right-eye pixel driven when displaying the right-eye image. The pixels may all have a rectangular shape, and the horizontal measurement of the pixels may be greater than the vertical measurement of the pixels.

Provided are a polycarbonate resin and an optical film formed therefrom, having wavelength dispersion characteristics close to the ideal broad bandwidth, excellent durable stability and flexibility, high retardation developability, a low photoelastic constant, and excellent melt processability. The polycarbonate resin comprises a unit (A) represented by the following formula, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally containing an aromatic group, or a halogen atom, and m and n each independently represent an integer of 0 to 4: ##STR00001##
a unit (B) represented by the following formula, wherein R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally containing an aromatic group, or a halogen atom, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally containing an aromatic group, s and t each independently represent an integer of 0 to 4, and p and q each independently represent an integer of 1 or more: ##STR00002##
and a carbonate unit (C) derived from an aliphatic diol compound and/or alicyclic diol compound, wherein the polycarbonate resin satisfies the following expressions (I) and (II): (I) the molar ratio of unit (A) to unit (B), (A)/(B), is 0.2 to 11.0, and (II) the molar ratio of unit (A)+unit (B) to the (A)+unit (B)+unit (C), {(A+B)/(A+B+C)}, is 0.30 to 0.60.

Provided is a display device including an array substrate, a pixel, a dimming element, and a counter substrate. The pixel is located over the array substrate and includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a liquid crystal layer over the first electrode and the second electrode. The dimming element is located over the array substrate and includes a third electrode, the liquid crystal layer over the third electrode, and a fourth electrode over the liquid crystal layer. The counter substrate is located over the fourth electrode.

A phase delay device, its preparation method and a display equipment are provided. The phase delay device includes linear polarization layer, alignment layer and liquid crystal layer. The linear polarization layer is configured to convert received light into a linear polarization light; the alignment layer is configured to align liquid crystals of a first subpart of the liquid crystal layer based on a preset alignment angle; the liquid crystal layer is located at a side of the alignment layer away from the linear polarization layer, and includes a first subpart adjacent to the alignment layer, a second subpart having a spiral structure with a preset spiral angle and a third subpart; a liquid crystal alignment angle of the third subpart is determined based on the preset alignment angle and the preset spiral angle; birefringence of the liquid crystal layer does not decrease with an increase of visible light wavelength.