The invention relates to a compound of formula I,

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.11, R.sup.21, A.sup.11, A, Z, X.sup.11, X.sup.21, Y.sup.11, Y.sup.12, Sp.sup.11, Sp.sup.21, o and p have one of the meanings as given in claim 1. The invention further relates to method of production of a compound of formula I, to the use of said compounds in LC media and to LC media comprising one or more compounds of formula I. Further, the invention relates to a method of production of such LC media, to the use of such media in LC devices, and to LC device comprising a LC medium according to the present invention. The present invention further relates to a process for the fabrication such liquid crystal display and to the use of the liquid crystal mixtures according to the invention for the fabrication of such liquid crystal display.

A light irradiation device for an exposure apparatus allowing implementation of photo-alignment process with a simple configuration is provided. The light irradiation device is configured using a light source with a plurality of LEDs, and a polarizing element that receives light from the light source and applies the light transmitted through the polarizing element to a workpiece. An optical axis of each of the LEDs is set in such a manner as to have a first angle θ1 to the workpiece. A second angle θ2 as an angle half of a light distribution angle of the light emitted from each of the LEDs is set smaller than the first angle θ1.

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal alignment composition for the preparation of a liquid crystal alignment film having enhanced alignment property and stability and exhibiting a high voltage holding ratio, a method for preparing a liquid crystal alignment film using the same, and a liquid crystal alignment film and a liquid crystal display device using the same.

According to an aspect, a liquid crystal display device includes: a first light-transmitting substrate; a second light-transmitting substrate disposed so as to be opposed to the first light-transmitting substrate; a liquid crystal layer sealed between the first light-transmitting substrate and the second light-transmitting substrate; alignment films that are provided to the first light-transmitting substrate and the second light-transmitting substrate, respectively, and are in contact with the liquid crystal layer; and at least one light emitter disposed so as to be opposed to at least one of side surfaces of the first light-transmitting substrate and the second light-transmitting substrate. The liquid crystal layer includes a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal comprising a polymer network formed in a mesh shape and liquid crystal molecules held in a dispersed manner in gaps of the polymer network, and each of the alignment films comprises a photocrosslinkable group connected to the polymer network.

A system includes a diffractive optical element configured to receive a first beam and a second beam interfering with one another to generate a first interference pattern. The diffractive optical element is also configured to forwardly diffract the first beam and the second beam to output a third beam and a fourth beam. The third beam and the fourth beam interfere with one another to generate a second interference pattern. The system also includes a detector configured to detect the second interference pattern.

A display device includes an array substrate, a second substrate and a black matrix. The array substrate includes a first substrate, at least one electrostatic protecting component and a shielding layer. The first substrate has a display region and a peripheral region located outside the display region. The electrostatic protecting component is disposed on the first substrate in the peripheral region, and the electrostatic protecting component includes a semiconductor layer. The shielding layer includes an insulating material, and the shielding layer is disposed on the first substrate in the peripheral region, wherein the shielding layer overlaps the semiconductor layer. The second substrate is opposite to the first substrate. The black matrix is disposed between the second substrate and the first substrate. The shielding layer is disposed between the black matrix and the first substrate.

The invention relates to a liquid crystal device comprising at least two opposing transparent substrates, at least one liquid crystal switching layer sandwiched between said opposing substrates comprising one or more polymerised photoreactive mesogens of formula I,

R.sup.11-Sp.sup.11-X.sup.11[-A-Z].sub.o-A.sup.11-CY.sup.11═CY.sup.12[—C═O].sub.x[—O].sub.y-A[-Z-A].sub.p—X.sup.21-Sp.sup.21-R.sup.21  I

wherein R.sup.11, R.sup.21, A.sup.11, A, Z, X.sup.11, X.sup.21, Y.sup.11, Y.sup.12, Sp.sup.11, Sp.sup.21, o, p, x and y have one of the meanings as given in claim 1, and one or more nematogenic compounds, an electrode structure provided on one or both of the opposing substrates, wherein one or more of said substrates are additionally provided with an optical grating or a lens structure adjacent to the LC switching layer. The invention is further related to a method of production of said liquid crystal device, to the use of said Liquid Crystal device in various types of optical and electro-optical devices, and to electro-optical devices comprising the liquid crystal device.

A method is disclosed for realizing a liquid crystal tri-dimensional aligned structure, including: providing a first substrate having a first surface; forming a liquid crystal layer in contact to said first surface, said liquid crystal layer including a polymerizable liquid crystal compound; realizing a first aligning formation within said liquid crystal layer by irradiating a first portion of said liquid crystal layer with electromagnetic or electron beam radiation according to a given first pattern, so that said first portion of liquid crystal compound becomes polymerized and said first aligning formation is made of said polymerized liquid crystal compound according to said given first pattern, said first aligning structure defining a first aligning axis; locally orienting optical axes of molecules of said liquid crystal layer along said first aligning axis.

A display panel and a manufacturing method therefor, a drive method and a display device. The display panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate which are arranged opposite to each other. The first substrate includes a first base substrate, and a plurality of first wire grid polarizers and a plurality of pixel units, which are successively located on a side of the first base substrate facing the second substrate in an array arrangement; polarization directions of two adjacent first wire grid polarizers are perpendicular to each other. The second substrate includes: a second base substrate, and a plurality of second wire grid polarizers in an array arrangement which are located on a side of the second base substrate facing the first substrate, and polarization directions of two adjacent second wire grid polarizers are perpendicular to each other.

A method for preparing a liquid crystal alignment layer, a liquid crystal alignment layer, and a display device. The method for preparing a liquid crystal alignment layer includes: S1, dripping liquid crystals and performing cell-assembling, wherein a liquid alignment material is added to the liquid crystals and the alignment material is curable and includes molecules capable of inducing alignment of liquid crystal molecules S2, applying an electric field or a magnetic field, wherein the direction of the electric field is approximately the same as a preset direction of the liquid crystal alignment layer, and the direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the preset direction of the liquid crystal alignment layer; and S3, performing curing while maintaining the electric field or the magnetic field until the alignment material completes the curing reaction.