An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer disposed on the conductive substrate. An outermost surface layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor contains fluorine-containing resin particles and a fluorine-containing graft polymer having a structural unit represented by general formula (FA), a structural unit represented by general formula (FB), and a structural unit represented by general formula (FC): ##STR00001##
where R.sup.F1, R.sup.F2, R.sup.F3, and R.sup.F4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; X.sup.F1 represents an alkylene chain, a halogen-substituted alkylene chain, S, O, NH, or a single bond; Y.sup.F1 represents an alkylene chain, a halogen-substituted alkylene chain, (C.sub.fxH.sub.2fx-1(OH)), or a single bond; Q.sup.F1 represents O or NH; fl, fm, and fn each independently represent an integer of 1 or more; fp, fq, fr, and fs each independently represent an integer of 0 or 1 or more; ft represents an integer of 1 or more and 7 or less; fx represents an integer of 1 or more; R.sup.F5 and R.sup.F6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; and fz represents an integer of 1 or more.

An electrophotographic photosensitive member (1) includes a conductive substrate (2) and a photosensitive layer (3). The photosensitive layer (3) is a single-layer photosensitive layer. The photosensitive layer (3) contains at least a charge generating material, a hole transport material, an electron transport material, and a binder resin. The charge generating material includes a metal-free phthalocyanine. The hole transport material includes a triphenylamine derivative represented by general formula (1) shown below. The electron transport material includes a quinone derivative represented by general formula (2) shown below. In general formula (1), R.sup.1 R.sup.2, R.sup.3, m1, m2, k, p, and q are the same as those described in the description. In general formula (2), R.sup.4, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6 are the same as those described in the description.

##STR00001##

The present disclosure provides an electrophotographic photosensitive member that has mechanical durability, and can achieve both of suppression of an image flow and adequate electrical characteristics. In the electrophotographic photosensitive member having a support and a photosensitive layer provided on the support, a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a copolymerized product of a composition containing a hole transporting compound represented by the following formula (1) and a compound represented by the following formula (3):

##STR00001##

Provided is a process cartridge having a charging member and an electrophotographic photosensitive member to be charged by being in contact with the charging member, wherein the electrophotographic photosensitive member has a support and a photosensitive layer in this order, and a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member has a Martens hardness of 230 N/mm.sup.2 or less.

A photoconductor for electrophotography, including an electroconductive base member, an anodic oxide coating provided on the electroconductive base member, an interlayer provided on the anodic oxide coating, and a photosensitive layer including a charge transport layer formed on the interlayer, and a charge generation layer laminated on the charge transport layer. The charge transport layer contains a charge transport material and a first resin binder. The charge generation layer contains a charge generation material, a hole transport material, an electron transport material, and a second resin binder. The anodic oxide coating has a film thickness of 2 m or more and 10 m or less. The interlayer contains a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, and has a film thickness of 0.02 m or more and 0.3 m or less.

An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate, an undercoat layer on the conductive substrate, and a photosensitive layer on the undercoat layer. The undercoat layer contains at least one perinone compound selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by general formula (1) below and a compound represented by general formula (2) below, an amine compound (A) having an ionization potential of 5.4 eV or more and 5.9 eV or less, and a binder resin, ##STR00001##
where: in general formula (1), R.sup.11, R.sup.12, R.sup.13, R.sup.14, R.sup.15, R.sup.16, R.sup.17, and R.sup.18 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, an aryloxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, an alkoxycarbonylalkyl group, an aryloxycarbonylalkyl group, or a halogen atom; R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 may be bonded to each other to form a ring, so may R.sup.12 and R.sup.13, and so may R.sup.13 and R.sup.14; and R.sup.15 and R.sup.16 may be bonded to each other to form a ring, so may R.sup.16 and R.sup.17, and so may R.sup.17 and R.sup.18, and in general formula (2), R.sup.21, R.sup.22, R.sup.23, R.sup.24, R.sup.25, R.sup.26, R.sup.27, and R.sup.28 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, an aryloxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, an alkoxycarbonylalkyl group, an aryloxycarbonylalkyl group, or a halogen atom; R.sup.21 and R.sup.22 may be bonded to each other to form a ring, so may R.sup.22 and R.sup.23, and so may R.sup.23 and R.sup.24; and R.sup.25 and R.sup.26 may be bonded to each other to form a ring, so may R.sup.26 and R.sup.27, and so may R.sup.27 and R.sup.28.

The present disclosure provides an electrophotographic photosensitive member that can suppress a black spot and an exposure memory. The electrophotographic photosensitive member has a support, an undercoat layer and a photosensitive layer having a mono-layer structure in this order, wherein the undercoat layer contains a binder resin and strontium titanate particles; and the photosensitive layer having a mono-layer structure contains a binder resin, a charge generation material, a hole transport material and an electron transport material.

A compound mixture contains a mixture of a compound represented by general formula (1) and a compound represented by general formula (2). In the general formula (1), R.sup.1A, R.sup.2A, R.sup.3A, R.sup.4A, R.sup.5A, R.sup.6A, R.sup.7A, R.sup.8A, R.sup.9A, and R.sup.10A each represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having a carbon number of at least 1 and no greater than 8, an alkoxy group having a carbon number of at least 1 and no greater than 8, or an aryl group having a carbon number of at least 6 and no greater than 14. Y represents a bivalent group represented by chemical formula (Y1), chemical formula (Y2), or general formula (Y3):

##STR00001##

The electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive support, a photosensitive layer disposed on the conductive support, and an outermost layer disposed on the photosensitive layer, in which the outermost layer includes a cured product of a composition containing a polymerizable monomer and two or more kinds of conductive metal oxide particles having different number average primary particle diameters from each other, and at least one of the two or more kinds of conductive metal oxide particles is surface-treated with a surface treating agent having a silicone chain as a side chain.

A contact charging type image forming apparatus, to which only a direct current voltage is applied, includes an electrophotographic photoreceptor that includes a conductive base material A and a photosensitive layer provided on the conductive base material A, and a charging member that includes a conductive base material B and an elastic layer provided on the conductive base material B, in which in a case where a dielectric film thickness of the electrophotographic photoreceptor is defined as L, and a resistance component of an impedance of the charging member in a range of 1 Hz or greater and 500 Hz or less, which is measured by an alternating current impedance method, is defined as R, Expression (1) is satisfied.

L<0.75log.sub.e(R)+15.79Expression (1)