The invention provides compositions and methods for treating NEC by promoting weight gain and reducing intestinal inflammation by agonizing intestinal v 3 and v 5 and/or gastric 8 1 integrins. In particular, the invention relates to treating NEC with Milk Fat Globule EGF-like 8 (Mfge8) also known as human Lactadherin.

Peptides consisting of the amino acid sequence of any of LIVTQTMKGL (SEQ ID NO: 1), LIVTQTMKG (SEQ ID NO: 2), LIVTQTMK (SEQ ID NO: 3), IVTQTMKGL (SEQ ID NO: 4), IVTQTMKG (SEQ ID NO: 5), and VTQTMKGL (SEQ ID NO: 6) are useful for improving intestinal barrier function, for suppressing blood glucose elevation, for improving insulin sensitivity, for promoting FGF21 secretion, for suppressing stress or protecting nerves, or for reducing fatigue.

The present invention primarily relates to a combination agent for reducing appetite and/or for providing a feeling of satiety and/or for reducing energy intake and/or for reducing body weight. In addition, the present invention relates to a medical use of the combination agent, in particular for the treatment of overweight and obesity and for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes, and joint damage and wear of the spine, and to a non-therapeutic use of the combination agent. In particular, the focus of the present invention is on the use of the combination agent to provide a feeling of satiety and/or to reduce energy intake and/or to reduce body weight. Finally, the present invention relates to the use of the combination agent for the preparation of an orally consumable preparation or food ingredient and an orally consumable preparation or food ingredient prepared therefrom.

The present invention primarily relates to a combination agent for reducing appetite and/or for providing a feeling of satiety and/or for reducing energy intake and/or for reducing body weight. In addition, the present invention relates to a medical use of the combination agent, in particular for the treatment of overweight and obesity and for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes, and joint damage and wear of the spine, and to a non-therapeutic use of the combination agent. In particular, the focus of the present invention is on the use of the combination agent to provide a feeling of satiety and/or to reduce energy intake and/or to reduce body weight. Finally, the present invention relates to the use of the combination agent for the preparation of an orally consumable preparation or food ingredient and an orally consumable preparation or food ingredient prepared therefrom.

The invention provides compositions comprising a source of protein and a urolithin. The invention also provides uses and methods associated with, or making use of the compositions, such as a medicament, dietary supplement, functional food or medical food and in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of a muscle-related pathological condition. The invention also provides kits comprising urolithin and protein.

The invention relates to a nutritional composition for infants and young children comprising proteins, carbohydrates and lipids, wherein said proteins comprise ionic complexes of lactoferrin with acid milk proteins, said complexes having a negative charge at the pH of the infant formula. The nutritional composition is used for providing a satiety feeling and/or a better sleep and/or limiting nocturnal awaking in infants or young children.

The invention relates to a nutritional composition for infants and young children comprising proteins, carbohydrates and lipids, wherein said proteins comprise ionic complexes of lactoferrin with acid milk proteins, said complexes having a negative charge at the pH of the infant formula. The nutritional composition is used for providing a satiety feeling and/or a better sleep and/or limiting nocturnal awaking in infants or young children.

A synthetic composition and method for use in providing a source of oligosaccharides to a human consuming a low-FODMAP diet, increasing the abundance of bifidobacteria in the colon of a human consuming a low-FODMAP diet, and/or reintroducing FODMAPs into the diet of a human consuming a low-FODMAP diet. The composition contains one or more human milk oligosaccharides.

A synthetic composition and method for use in providing a source of oligosaccharides to a human consuming a low-FODMAP diet, increasing the abundance of bifidobacteria in the colon of a human consuming a low-FODMAP diet, and/or reintroducing FODMAPs into the diet of a human consuming a low-FODMAP diet. The composition contains one or more human milk oligosaccharides.

Provided are inflammatory cytokine production inhibitors which inhibit the production of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β and can be applied to drugs effective against inflammatory diseases caused by overproduction of these inflammatory cytokines, such as chronic inflammation (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis) and Crohn's disease, as well as type 2 diabetes, depression, obesity, sepsis, atherosclerosis, dermatitis, dementia, schizophrenia, and Parkinson's disease, and also to foods and drinks such as health foods. The inflammatory cytokine production inhibitors contain as an active ingredient an enzyme-treated whey obtained by contacting whey with β-galactosidase. The enzyme-treated whey is obtained by further contacting with sialidase.