The present invention relates to improved methods of suppressing and/or preventing an undesired immune response comprising the use of CD83. In some embodiments, CD83 is coadministered to a subject with at least one other immunosuppressive compound. Methods are also provided for generating tolerogenic dendritic cells and regulatory T cells. These cells can be used in vitro to produce additional cells for therapeutic purposes or they can be used in vivo to suppress and/or prevent an undesired immune response. Methods of the invention can be used to prevent or reduce the severity of autoimmune diseases and can also be used to induce tolerance to at least one therapeutic composition, such as a therapeutic protein or transplanted tissue.

The present application relates to cyclosporine analogues and their use in medical applications, including as antiviral compounds and in gene therapy.

Methods for identifying and optionally treating subjects, e.g., subjects who have Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS), based on the detection of elevated levels of soluble P-glycoprotein in nasal secretions. The methods of treatment can include administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a P-glycoprotein inhibitor.

Methods for identifying and optionally treating subjects, e.g., subjects who have Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS), based on the detection of elevated levels of soluble P-glycoprotein in nasal secretions. The methods of treatment can include administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a P-glycoprotein inhibitor.

To provide a medicament for safely treating a patient in need of treatment with pemafibrate, a salt thereof, or a solvate of any of these (hereitiafter also referred to as pemafiterate therapy). A medicament for treating a patient in need of pemafibrate therapy, the medicament comprising the step of avoiding or suspending concomitant use of pernafiterate, a salt thereof, or a solvate of any of these as an active ingredient in order to suppress an increase in plasma concentration of pemafibrate when the treatment is combined with a medicament containing an OATP1B inhibitor, or the step of reducing the dose of pemafibrate, a salt thereof, or a solvate of any of these.

To provide a medicament for safely treating a patient in need of treatment with pemafibrate, a salt thereof, or a solvate of any of these (hereitiafter also referred to as pemafiterate therapy). A medicament for treating a patient in need of pemafibrate therapy, the medicament comprising the step of avoiding or suspending concomitant use of pernafiterate, a salt thereof, or a solvate of any of these as an active ingredient in order to suppress an increase in plasma concentration of pemafibrate when the treatment is combined with a medicament containing an OATP1B inhibitor, or the step of reducing the dose of pemafibrate, a salt thereof, or a solvate of any of these.

To provide a medicament for safely treating a patient in need of treatment with pemafibrate, a salt thereof, or a solvate of any of these (hereitiafter also referred to as pemafiterate therapy). A medicament for treating a patient in need of pemafibrate therapy, the medicament comprising the step of avoiding or suspending concomitant use of pernafiterate, a salt thereof, or a solvate of any of these as an active ingredient in order to suppress an increase in plasma concentration of pemafibrate when the treatment is combined with a medicament containing an OATP1B inhibitor, or the step of reducing the dose of pemafibrate, a salt thereof, or a solvate of any of these.

There is provided herein a compound of formula (I), wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and Z are as defined herein, for use in the treatment of a disease or condition in which activation of AT2 receptors is desired or required but in which inhibition of CYPs is not desired. Such compounds are particularly useful in the treatment of autoimmune and/or fibrotic diseases, including interstitial lung diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and sarcoidosis.

##STR00001##

There is provided herein a compound of formula (I), wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and Z are as defined herein, for use in the treatment of a disease or condition in which activation of AT2 receptors is desired or required but in which inhibition of CYPs is not desired. Such compounds are particularly useful in the treatment of autoimmune and/or fibrotic diseases, including interstitial lung diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and sarcoidosis.

##STR00001##

This disclosure provides a novel compositions and methods to deliver cyclosporine A using genetically engineered protein polymers.