Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a satisfactory suppressing effect on image smearing. The electrophotographic photosensitive member includes: a support; a photosensitive layer; and a surface layer, the surface layer containing at least one of melamine resin-containing particles and acrylic resin-containing particles, and a polymerized product of a composition containing a charge-transporting compound having a polymerizable functional group; and a compound represented by formula (1):

##STR00001##

A negatively-charged laminated electrophotographic photoreceptor that can be charged by a scorotron charging method, and includes a conductive substrate, and a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer sequentially provided on the conductive substrate, wherein the charge generation layer contains a charge generation material and a resin binder that is a poly(vinyl butyral) resin binder, and the charge transport layer contains a charge transport material that is either or both of stilbene compounds represented by the Formula (1) and Formula (2), a binder resin, and an oxidation inhibitor that is tribenzylamine:

##STR00001##

The electrophotographic photoreceptor is superior in ozone resistance and is capable of suppressing deterioration of image quality even in an atmosphere containing ozone at a higher concentration than before when a scorotron charging method is used, as well as an electrophotographic device equipped with the same.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide an electrophotographic photosensitive member which can suppress the potential fluctuation due to repeated use even with the electrophotographic apparatus of high printing process speed. The present disclosure provides an electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising: a support, a charge generating layer, and a charge transporting layer in this order, wherein the charge transporting layer comprises: (?) a compound represented by the formula (C-1), and (?) at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the following formula (C-2) and a compound represented by the formula (C-3), wherein a content of the (?) in the charge transporting layer with respect to a total mass of the charge transporting layer is 250 to 610 mass ppm.

An electrophotographic photosensitive member including: a support, a charge generating layer, and a charge transporting layer in this order, wherein the charge transporting layer contains: a compound represented by the formula (A-1), and at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the formula (A-2) and a compound represented by the formula (A-3).

An object of the present disclosure is to provide an electrophotographic photosensitive member with suppressed positive ghosts, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus each including the electrophotographic photosensitive member. The present disclosure provides an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a support and a photosensitive layer on the support; the photosensitive layer comprises (?) a compound represented by the formula (1), and (?) at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the formula (2) and a compound represented by the formula (3), wherein a content of the (?) with respect to a content of the (?) is 50 to 850 mass ppm in the photosensitive layer.

A photosensitive layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member is a single layer and contains a charge generating material, a binder resin, a first electron transport material, a second electron transport material, and a hole transport material. The binder resin includes a polyarylate resin. The polyarylate resin includes repeating units represented by formulas (1), (2), (3), and (4).

##STR00001##

The repeating unit (3) has a percentage content of greater than 0% and less than 50% to a total number of repeats of the repeating units (1) and (3). The repeating unit (4) has a percentage content of at least 35% and less than 70% to a total number of repeats of the repeating units (2) and (4).

An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer provided directly or indirectly on the conductive substrate. The photosensitive layer includes a charge generating layer and a charge transport layer. The charge transport layer contains a binder resin, a hole transport material, and a phthalocyanine pigment. The binder resin includes a specific polyarylate resin. The specific polyarylate resin includes a first repeating unit represented by general formula (1), a second repeating unit represented by chemical formula (2), a third repeating unit represented by chemical formula (3), and a fourth repeating unit represented by chemical formula (4).

##STR00001##

In general formula (1), X represents a divalent group with a carbon number of 1 to 10. R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group with a carbon number of 1 to 6.

The present invention relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a plurality of layers containing at least one outermost layer, wherein at least one of the outermost layer contains a polymer having a first structure where at least one carbonyl group is bonded to an aromatic group and a second structure represented by Formula (A). In Formula (A), at least two of R.sup.11 to R.sup.13 are groups represented by Formula (2), and in Formula (2), R.sup.21 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R.sup.22 and R.sup.23 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group or an alkoxy group: ##STR00001##

A polyarylate resin includes repeating units represented by formulas (1), (2), (3), and (4). ##STR00001##
A third percentage is greater than 0% and less than 50%. The third percentage is a percentage of the number of repeats of the repeating unit represented by formula (3) relative to the total of the number of repeats of the repeating unit represented by formula (1) and the number of repeats of the repeating unit represented by formula (3). A fourth percentage is at least 35% and less than 70%. The fourth percentage is a percentage of the number of repeats of the repeating unit represented by formula (4) relative to the total of the number of repeats of the repeating unit represented by formula (2) and the number of repeats of the repeating unit represented by formula (4).

An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a charge transport layer, the charge transport layer contains a polyester resin (1) having a dicarboxylic acid unit (A) represented by Formula (A) and a diol unit (B) represented by Formula (B), and a charge transport material, and in a case where a value A is a weight-average molecular weight Mw of the polyester resin (1) contained in the charge transport layer divided by 10,000 (A=Mw/10,000), a value of a ratio M1/M2 of a mass M1 of the charge transport material contained in the charge transport layer to a mass M2 of the charge transport layer is defined as Cs, and an average thickness of the charge transport layer is defined as Ds (m), expressions of 5A40, 0.28Cs0.55, 27Ds50, and 2.5(ADs)/(Cs100)70.0 are satisfied. ##STR00001##