An imaging member outer layer comprising a structured organic film comprising a plurality of segments and a plurality of linkers arranged as a covalent organic framework, wherein the structured organic film further includes fluorinated segments and capping units comprising hole transport materials.

Provided are an electrophotographic photosensitive member capable of satisfying abrasion resistance and electrical properties and suppressing image deletion, and an electrophotographic apparatus and a process cartridge having the electrophotographic photosensitive member. A surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a polymer of a hole transport material having a polymerizable functional group, wherein the hole transport material has a specific structure.

An electrophotographic photosensitive member including a surface layer, wherein the surface layer comprises a fluorine atom-containing resin particle, a binder material, and a polymer having a specific structural unit represented by the following formula (1): ##STR00001##
In formula (1) R.sup.11 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R.sup.12 represents a single bond or a methylene group, Rf.sup.1 and Rf.sup.2 each independently represent a perfluoroalkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or a perfluoroalkylidene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and Rf.sup.3 represents a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.