An aqueous suspension of a hydrophobic nutrient is disclosed. In particular, the nutrient, in ester form, is combined with a selected dispersion aid and a dispersion agent(s), and then dispersed in an aqueous medium to form the suspension.

Herein are described pharmabiotic compositions and methods of treatment using genetically modified bacteria that include a portion or a variant of human cDNA sequence. Generally, the modified bacterium has a genetic modification that includes the introduction or inclusion of non-native DNA which contain a human cDNA sequence that can be propagated in the genetically altered bacterium. As an example, the non-native DNA can include one or more portions of human cDNA that encode the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase. In an embodiment, the modified bacterium can be provided to a patient as a treatment for a metabolic disorder. In a non-limiting example, a modified bacterium including human cDNA encoding the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase can be provided to a patient suffering from a deficiency in phenylalanine hydroxylase or suffering from a mutation to the native gene that results in an inactive form of the enzyme. As such, certain embodiments may provide methods for treating phenylketonuria using the modified bacterium.

Herein are described pharmabiotic compositions and methods of treatment using genetically modified bacteria that include a portion or a variant of human cDNA sequence. Generally, the modified bacterium has a genetic modification that includes the introduction or inclusion of non-native DNA which contain a human cDNA sequence that can be propagated in the genetically altered bacterium. As an example, the non-native DNA can include one or more portions of human cDNA that encode the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase. In an embodiment, the modified bacterium can be provided to a patient as a treatment for a metabolic disorder. In a non-limiting example, a modified bacterium including human cDNA encoding the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase can be provided to a patient suffering from a deficiency in phenylalanine hydroxylase or suffering from a mutation to the native gene that results in an inactive form of the enzyme. As such, certain embodiments may provide methods for treating phenylketonuria using the modified bacterium.

Provided herein are phenazine degrading agents, methods and systems for interfering with viability of bacteria and related antimicrobial and compositions.

Provided herein are phenazine degrading agents, methods and systems for interfering with viability of bacteria and related antimicrobial and compositions.

The invention is directed to methods of promoting myelin formation in central nervous system (CNS) tissue in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of interleukin-4 induced gene 1 (IL4-i1) protein. The invention is also directed to methods of monitoring the progression of conditions marked by an impairment of myelin formation in the CNS comprising assessing the levels or activity of IL4-i1 in activated macrophages obtained from the subject.

The invention is directed to methods of promoting myelin formation in central nervous system (CNS) tissue in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of interleukin-4 induced gene 1 (IL4-i1) protein. The invention is also directed to methods of monitoring the progression of conditions marked by an impairment of myelin formation in the CNS comprising assessing the levels or activity of IL4-i1 in activated macrophages obtained from the subject.

The present invention is directed to an amphipathic peptide and methods of using the amphipathic peptide for delivering small molecule agents to a cell. Ideally, the amphipathic cell penetrating peptide comprises less than approximately 50 amino acid residues with at least 6 arginine residues, at least 12 Alanine Residues, at least 6 leucine residues, optionally at least one cysteine residue, and at least two but no greater than three glutamic acids wherein the arginine residues are evenly distributed along the length of the peptide; and the peptide has a defined ratio of arginine to negatively charged amino acid residues and a defined ratio of hydrophilic amino acid residues to hydrophobic amino acid residues. The present invention is also directed to a nanoparticle and cell delivery system comprising the amphipathic cell penetrating peptide of the invention. The peptide, nanoparticle or cell delivery system of the invention may be used in therapy. For example, the peptide may be used as a therapeutic agent delivery system, in which the therapeutic agent may include nucleic acids or other small molecules.

The present invention is directed to an amphipathic peptide and methods of using the amphipathic peptide for delivering small molecule agents to a cell. Ideally, the amphipathic cell penetrating peptide comprises less than approximately 50 amino acid residues with at least 6 arginine residues, at least 12 Alanine Residues, at least 6 leucine residues, optionally at least one cysteine residue, and at least two but no greater than three glutamic acids wherein the arginine residues are evenly distributed along the length of the peptide; and the peptide has a defined ratio of arginine to negatively charged amino acid residues and a defined ratio of hydrophilic amino acid residues to hydrophobic amino acid residues. The present invention is also directed to a nanoparticle and cell delivery system comprising the amphipathic cell penetrating peptide of the invention. The peptide, nanoparticle or cell delivery system of the invention may be used in therapy. For example, the peptide may be used as a therapeutic agent delivery system, in which the therapeutic agent may include nucleic acids or other small molecules.

The present invention concerns a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a compound selected in the group comprising (i) a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence selected in the group comprising the amino acid sequence of the long isoform in Homo sapiens of the RdCVF2 gene (SEQ ID NO: 10), orthologs, derivatives and fragments thereof, (ii) a polynucleotide coding for said polypeptide, (iii) a vector comprising said polynucleotide, and (iv) a host cell genetically engineered expressing said polypeptide; the use of such a composition for the manufacture of a medicament for treating and/or preventing a neurodegenerative disorder in a subject; and a method of testing a subject thought to have or be predisposed to having a neurodegenerative disorder.