The present invention provides compositions and methods useful for detecting and treating aggressive prostate cancer. In a specific embodiment, a method for identifying a patient as having aggressive prostate cancer comprises the steps of (a) measuring the concentration of total PSA, free PSA, p2PSA in a serum sample obtained from the patient and calculating phi based on the measured serum concentrations; (b) measuring the concentration of fucosylated PSA (fuc-PSA) in a serum sample obtained from the patient; (c) measuring the concentration in a serum sample obtained from the patient of one or more of the following biomarkers: B7-H3, PLA2G7, GDF-15, IL-6R alpha, SDC1, VCAM-1, s Tie-2, IL-16, CA15-3, MMP-2, and H SP27; and (d) using an algorithm to identify the patient as having aggressive prostate cancer based on a panel of biomarkers comprising phi, fuc-PSA and one or more of the serum concentrations measured in step (c).

Methods and assays for determining the activation level of the plasma kallikrein (pKal) system and the uses thereof for assessing the activity of pKal modulators on the pKal system.

The present invention generally provides systems and methods for the detection, identification, or characterization of differences between properties or behavior of corresponding species in two or more mixtures comprised of molecules, including biomolecules and/or molecules able to interact with biomolecules, using techniques such as partitioning. The experimental conditions established as distinguishing between the mixtures of the molecules using the systems and methods of the invention can also be used, in some cases, for further fractionation and/or characterization of the biomolecules and/or other molecules, using techniques such as single-step or multiple-step extraction, and/or by liquid-liquid partition chromatography. The methods could also be used for discovering and identifying markers associated with specific diagnostics, and can be used for screening for such markers once discovered and identified during diagnostics screening.

Plasma kallikrein binding proteins and methods of using such proteins are described.

The present invention is a patch-sized apparatus for use with an apparel to detect seminal fluid that includes disposable housing. The disposable housing is removably attached to the apparel. The disposable portion incorporates therein a fluid channel comprising a chemical solution to detect seminal fluid present on the surface of the apparel. The chemical solution includes but not limited to 1-Naphthylphosphate (disodium salt); and prostate-specific antigen (PSA)(A67-B/E3).

In certain aspects, the disclosure relates to anti-idiotype antibodies and antigen-binding portions thereof that specifically bind a KL2B413 containing protein, e.g., an antibody or antigen-binding portions thereof. In some aspects, the anti-idiotype antibodies and antigen-binding portions of the present disclosure can be used in methods to detect and quantify cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors that include KL2B413.

Aspects of the disclosure relate to improved methods for predicting whether a prostate tissue biopsy obtained from a subject will contain detectable prostate cancer.

The present invention relates to the field of cancer. Specifically, the present invention provides compositions and methods useful for detecting and treating aggressive prostate cancer. In another embodiment, a method for identifying a subject as having aggressive prostate cancer comprises the step of measuring one or more of ACPP, CD63, KLK 11, ATRN, GP2, PTPRN2, NPTN, RNASE2, CPE, SERPINA1, DSC2, PTGDS, GRN, LRG1, UMOD, CLU, LOX, ORM1, CD97, PSA and AFM in a urine sample obtained from the subject, wherein a decreased level of one or more of ACPP, CD63, KLK 11, ATRN, GP2, PTPRN2, NPTN, RNASE2, PSA, CPE and/or an increased level of one or more of SERPINA1, DSC2, PTGDS, GRN, LRG1, UMOD, CLU, LOX, ORM1, CD97, and AFM relative to a control identifies the subject as having aggressive prostate cancer. In another embodiment, the method further comprises the step of treating the subject with a prostate cancer therapy.

The present disclosure provides methods of evaluating a subject, e.g., a subject at risk for or suffering from a pKal-mediated or bradykinin-mediated disorder, based on values (e.g., percentages) of intact and/or cleaved kininogen in a sample of the subject. Provided methods permit analysis of patients with plasma kallikrein-mediated angioedema (KMA), or other diseases mediated by pKal useful in the evaluation and treatment. Such methods can involve the use of a detection agent that preferentially binds cleaved kininogen or intact kininogen.

The present invention provides methods that are for acquiring various types of supplementary information used for diagnosis or treatment of prostate cancer, and that can be implemented in a less-invasive manner at a low cost. Provided are, by measuring the content of prostate specific antigen (PSA) having a β-N-acetylgalactosamine residue at a non-reducing terminal of a sugar chain in a specimen, and comparing the measured value with a threshold value, (1) a method for estimating whether a Gleason score (primary pattern and secondary pattern) is not less than or less than a prescribed value, (2) a method for estimating whether the pathological stage (pT) is not less than or less than a prescribed value, and (3) a method for acquiring information for assessment indicating diagnosis or treatment should be actively conducted because a GS at gross total removal is expected to be higher than a GS at biopsy.