The present disclosure is directed to laser-markable insulation material and cable or wire assemblies containing such insulation material. In certain embodiments, the laser-markable insulation material can include a fluoropolymer and an inorganic laser-markable pigment. The pigment can have a mean crystal size in a range of about 0.4 microns to about 2 microns and/or a median particle size (d.sub.50) in a range of about 0.45 microns to about 2 microns. The insulation material can exhibit improved initial and heat-aged contrast ratios without diminishing the ability of a cable or wire containing the insulation material to meet industry standards for electric-arc tracking and propagation resistance.

Various embodiments may include a solid insulation material, e.g. in tape form, the use thereof in a vacuum impregnation process, and/or an insulation system produced therewith and also an electrical machine having the insulation system, for the medium- and high-voltage sector. Some examples include rotating electrical machines in the medium- and high-voltage sector and also semifinished products for electrical switchgear. The solid insulation material and the insulation system produced therewith are characterized in that it can be produced in an anhydride-free manner, wherein the curing catalyst is, for example, an adduct of a 1H-imidazole and/or 1H-imidazole derivative with a compound containing oxirane groups.

A water barrier (130) for a power cable has a composite layer having a first component, where the first component is a polymer, and at least a second component. The second component is impermeable to water molecules where the second component is selected from fibres having an aspect ratio of 10 or higher and an average length of 1 mm or less, plate-like particles having an aspect ratio of 10 or higher, fibres having an average length of more than 1 mm, fabrics or any combination thereof. The second component is dispersed into the first component, a power cable (100).

Insulated winding wires and associated methods for forming winding wires are described. A winding wire may include a conductor and insulation formed around the conductor. The insulation may provide a partial discharge inception voltage greater than approximately 1,000 volts and a dielectric strength greater than approximately 10,000 volts. Additionally, the insulation may be capable of withstanding a continuous operating temperature of approximately 220 C. without degradation. The insulation may include at least one base layer formed around an outer periphery of the conductor, and an extruded thermoplastic layer formed around the base layer. The extruded layer may include at least one of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or polyaryletherketone (PAEK).

A composite cable includes a first twisted-pair wire formed by twisting a pair of first electric wires, a second twisted-pair wire formed by twisting a pair of second electric wires, a pair of third electric wires arranged between the first and second twisted-pair wires in a circumferential direction, each third electric wire having a larger outer diameter than the first and second electric wires, and a tape member spirally wound around an assembled article that is formed by twisting the first twisted-pair wire, the second twisted-pair wire and the pair of third electric wires together. The two twisted-pair wires have the same twist direction, the twist direction of the two twisted-pair wires is different from a twist direction of the assembled article, and the twist direction of the assembled article is different from a winding direction of the tape member.

A small-diameter, continuously bonded cable and a method for manufacturing the same includes at least one longitudinally extending inner metallic component with a tie layer of an amended polymer material surrounding and bonded thereto in steps of heating and extruding. A longitudinally extending outer metallic component is radially spaced from the at least one inner metallic component and incased in a polymer material jacket layer in heating and extruding steps. The polymer materials insulate the metallic component for conducting electrical power and/or data signals.

An apparatus includes a strength member including a core formed of a composite material, and an encapsulation layer disposed around the core. A conductor layer is disposed around the strength member. A coating is disposed on the conductor layer. The coating is formulated to have a solar absorptivity of less than 0.5 at a wavelength of less than 2.5 microns, and a radiative emissivity of greater than 0.5 at a wavelength in a range of 2.5 microns to 15 microns, at an operating temperature in a range of 60 degrees Celsius to 250 degrees Celsius. The coating may have an erosion resistance that is at least 5% greater than an erosion resistance of aluminum or aluminum alloys.

The present invention relates to an electrical insulation system having a low environmental impact comprising two fundamental elements: a) a gaseous medium formed by one or more highly fluorinated fluoroketones having between 4 and 12 carbons, at least another additional dielectric gas, other than the fluoroketones, with a vapor pressure greater than 500 mbar and less than 15000 mbar at 0 C., such as fluoronitrile (CF.sub.3).sub.2CFCN, for example, and one or more vector gases; and b) a molecular sieve capable of discriminating water molecules from molecules of other gases present in the gaseous medium of the system. The invention also relates to the use of the insulation system and to the medium- or high-voltage electrical switchgear comprising a complete enclosure in which there are arranged live electrical components and an electrical insulation system according to the invention.

A composite cable includes a first twisted-pair wire formed by twisting a pair of first electric wires, a second twisted-pair wire formed by twisting a pair of second electric wires, a pair of third electric wires arranged between the first and second twisted-pair wires in a circumferential direction, each third electric wire having a larger outer diameter than the first and second electric wires, and a tape member spirally wound around an assembled article that is formed by twisting the first twisted-pair wire, the second twisted-pair wire and the pair of third electric wires together. The two twisted-pair wires have the same twist direction, the twist direction of the two twisted-pair wires is different from a twist direction of the assembled article, and the twist direction of the assembled article is different from a winding direction of the tape member.

An electrical cable has at least one elongate conductive element surrounded by a recyclable thermoplastic layer. The recyclable thermoplastic layer has at least a composite material (TPV) having a thermoplastic polymer matrix (a); and a vulcanized elastomer phase (b) dispersed within said thermoplastic matrix (a); and a polyethylene.