In a crystal growth apparatus and method, polycrystalline source material and a seed crystal are introduced into a growth ambient comprised of a growth crucible disposed inside of a furnace chamber. In the presence of a first sublimation growth pressure, a single crystal is sublimation grown on the seed crystal via precipitation of sublimated source material on the seed crystal in the presence of a flow of a first gas that includes a reactive component that reacts with and removes donor and/or acceptor background impurities from the growth ambient during said sublimation growth. Then, in the presence of a second sublimation growth pressure, the single crystal is sublimation grown on the seed crystal via precipitation of sublimated source material on the seed crystal in the presence of a flow of a second gas that includes dopant vapors, but which does not include the reactive component.

Magnet wire with corona resistant enamel insulation is described. A magnet wire may include a conductor, and at least one layer of polymeric enamel insulation may be formed around the conductor. The polymeric enamel insulation may include a filler dispersed in a base polymeric material, such as polyimide. Additionally, the filler may include an organometallic compound.

Magnet wire with corona resistant enamel insulation is described. A magnet wire may include a conductor, and at least one layer of polymeric enamel insulation may be formed around the conductor. The polymeric enamel insulation may include a filler dispersed in a base polymeric material, such as polyimide. Additionally, the filler may include an organometallic compound.

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to multi-material fibers capable of distributedly measuring temperature and pressure in which the methods comprise a thermal drawing step, and the methods of fabricating the disclosed fibers. The fibers can be utilized in methods of temperature and pressure mapping or sensing comprising electrical reflectometry for interrogation. Further disclosed are devices comprising a disclosed fiber with the multi-point detection capability with simple one-end connection. Also disclosed are articles, e.g., smart clothing, wound dressing, robotic skin and other industrial products, comprising a disclosed fiber or a fabric comprising a disclosed fiber. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

Provided is a coated optical element that includes: an optical element; and a coating disposed on the optical element. The coating includes at least one layer of a topological insulator.

A dielectric composition includes one of BaTiO.sub.3, (Ba,Ca)(Ti,Ca)O.sub.3, (Ba,Ca)(Ti,Zr)O.sub.3, Ba(Ti,Zr)O.sub.3 and (Ba,Ca)(Ti,Sn)O.sub.3, as a main component, a first subcomponent including a rare earth element, and a second subcomponent including at least one of a variable valence acceptor element and a fixed valence acceptor element. When a sum of contents of the rare earth element is defined as DT and a sum of contents of the variable valence acceptor element and the fixed valence acceptor element is defined as AT, (DT/AT)/(Ba+Ca) satisfies more than 0.5 and less than 6.0. In addition, a multilayer electronic component including the dielectric composition is provided.

A dielectric composition includes one of BaTiO.sub.3, (Ba,Ca)(Ti,Ca)O.sub.3, (Ba,Ca)(Ti,Zr)O.sub.3, Ba(Ti,Zr)O.sub.3 and (Ba,Ca)(Ti,Sn)O.sub.3, as a main component, a first subcomponent including a rare earth element, and a second subcomponent including at least one of a variable valence acceptor element and a fixed valence acceptor element. When a sum of contents of the rare earth element is defined as DT and a sum of contents of the variable valence acceptor element and the fixed valence acceptor element is defined as AT, (DT/AT)/(Ba+Ca) satisfies more than 0.5 and less than 6.0. In addition, a multilayer electronic component including the dielectric composition is provided.

[Object] provide a dielectric composition with high voltage resistance and favorable reliability, and an electronic component using the dielectric composition. [Solving Means] A dielectric composition contains, as a main component, a tungsten bronze type composite oxide represented by a chemical formula (Sr.sub.1.00stBa.sub.sCa.sub.t).sub.6.00xR.sub.x(Ti.sub.1.00aZr.sub.a).sub.x+2.00(Nb.sub.1.00bTa.sub.b).sub.8.00xO.sub.30.00, in which the R is at least one element selected from Y, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu, and s, t, x, a, and b satisfy 0.70s1.00, 0t0.30, 0.70s+t1.00, 0x0.50, 0.10a1.00, and 0h1.00. At least one or more elements selected from Mn, Mg, Co, V, W, Mo, Si, Li, B, and Al are contained as a sub component in 0.10 mol or more and 20.00 mol or less with respect to 100 mol of the main component.

[Object] provide a dielectric composition with high voltage resistance and favorable reliability, and an electronic component using the dielectric composition. [Solving Means] A dielectric composition contains, as a main component, a tungsten bronze type composite oxide represented by a chemical formula (Sr.sub.1.00stBa.sub.sCa.sub.t).sub.6.00xR.sub.x(Ti.sub.1.00aZr.sub.a).sub.x+2.00(Nb.sub.1.00bTa.sub.b).sub.8.00xO.sub.30.00, in which the R is at least one element selected from Y, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu, and s, t, x, a, and b satisfy 0.70s1.00, 0t0.30, 0.70s+t1.00, 0x0.50, 0.10a1.00, and 0h1.00. At least one or more elements selected from Mn, Mg, Co, V, W, Mo, Si, Li, B, and Al are contained as a sub component in 0.10 mol or more and 20.00 mol or less with respect to 100 mol of the main component.

An electric wire and coil covered with a cured product of a heat- or photo-curable fluorinated polymer and having high insulating properties and high productivity. An electric wire having a conductor wire and a covering layer covering the outer periphery of the conductor wire. The covering layer is made of a cured product of a curable composition which has a fluorinated polymer containing at least three functional groups represented by the following formula (F): R.sup.f1COZ.sup.1 (F). In formula (F), R.sup.f1 is a single bond, a fluoroalkylene group, or a fluoroalkylene group with at least two carbon atoms having an etheric oxygen atom between carbon-carbon atoms, Z.sup.1 is NR.sup.1NR.sup.2H, NR.sup.3OR.sup.4 or OR.sup.5, and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.