A system may include a thermal source, a thermal sink and heat-rejecting media comprising a thermal cable, the thermal cable comprising a main length comprising a flexible graphite layer rolled into a cylindrical shape covered on the outside thereof by a thermally-insulating layer of the same cylindrical shape, a first termination at which the flexible graphite layer thermally couples to the thermal source, and a second termination at which the flexible graphite layer thermally couples to the thermal sink.

Provided are a superconductor wire and a superconductor cable that have both reduced AC loss and improved robustness. The superconductor wire (10A) comprises: a plurality of superconductor layers (2) that extend in a longitudinal direction of a substrate (1) and are disposed in parallel in a transverse direction of the substrate 8 (1); at least one insulating section (3) that extend in a longitudinal direction of the substrate (1), are disposed between the plurality of superconductor layers (2, 2), and electrically insulate the plurality of superconductor layers (2, 2); and a plurality of connecting sections (4) that are disposed in the insulating sections (3) along the longitudinal direction of the substrate (1) and electrically connect adjacent superconductor layers (2, 2) in a superconducting manner; wherein the superconductor wire in a spirally wound form satisfies the following conditions:

[00001]$\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{P^2+{\left(\pi D\right)}^2}\le L$

wherein D is the diameter of the spiral, P is the length of the spiral pitch along a winding axis direction, and L is the length of the insulating sections (3) along the longitudinal direction.

Provided are a superconductor wire and a superconductor cable that have both reduced AC loss and improved robustness. The superconductor wire (10A) comprises: a plurality of superconductor layers (2) that extend in a longitudinal direction of a substrate (1) and are disposed in parallel in a transverse direction of the substrate 8 (1); at least one insulating section (3) that extend in a longitudinal direction of the substrate (1), are disposed between the plurality of superconductor layers (2, 2), and electrically insulate the plurality of superconductor layers (2, 2); and a plurality of connecting sections (4) that are disposed in the insulating sections (3) along the longitudinal direction of the substrate (1) and electrically connect adjacent superconductor layers (2, 2) in a superconducting manner; wherein the superconductor wire in a spirally wound form satisfies the following conditions:

[00001]$\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{P^2+{\left(\pi D\right)}^2}\le L$

wherein D is the diameter of the spiral, P is the length of the spiral pitch along a winding axis direction, and L is the length of the insulating sections (3) along the longitudinal direction.

Apparatus for transmitting electrical energy with a superconducting current carrier, in which the superconducting current carrier to be cooled is accommodated in a first cooling channel, which first cooling channel is connected by way of a coolant feed line to a supply device for a first cooling medium and is surrounded by at least one second cooling channel, for conducting through a second cooling medium, which is flow-connected to a coolant-discharge line for heated second cooling medium, wherein a supercooled, liquefied gas is used as the first cooling medium, is characterized according to the invention in that a liquefied gas is used as the second cooling medium and the second cooling channel is equipped with means for removing a gas phase occurring due to evaporation of the second cooling medium.

Apparatus for transmitting electrical energy with a superconducting current carrier, in which the superconducting current carrier to be cooled is accommodated in a first cooling channel, which first cooling channel is connected by way of a coolant feed line to a supply device for a first cooling medium and is surrounded by at least one second cooling channel, for conducting through a second cooling medium, which is flow-connected to a coolant-discharge line for heated second cooling medium, wherein a supercooled, liquefied gas is used as the first cooling medium, is characterized according to the invention in that a liquefied gas is used as the second cooling medium and the second cooling channel is equipped with means for removing a gas phase occurring due to evaporation of the second cooling medium.

Power transmission systems with cooling mechanisms, and methods of operating the same, are described. A power transmission system can include multiple support tower assemblies. Each of the support tower assemblies includes a support tower. One or more of the support tower assemblies includes a termination (i.e., a connection point via which electrical current and/or coolant can enter the transmission line and/or exit the transmission line). The power transmission system also includes multiple conductor assemblies suspended above a surface of the earth. Each conductor assembly includes an electrical conductor and is positioned between, and mechanically supported by, a pair of the support towers. The power transmission system also includes a coolant supply system that delivers a coolant fluid, during operation of the power transmission system, to at least one of the terminations, for cooling of the conductor assemblies.

Power transmission systems with cooling mechanisms, and methods of operating the same, are described. A power transmission system can include multiple support tower assemblies. Each of the support tower assemblies includes a support tower. One or more of the support tower assemblies includes a termination (i.e., a connection point via which electrical current and/or coolant can enter the transmission line and/or exit the transmission line). The power transmission system also includes multiple conductor assemblies suspended above a surface of the earth. Each conductor assembly includes an electrical conductor and is positioned between, and mechanically supported by, a pair of the support towers. The power transmission system also includes a coolant supply system that delivers a coolant fluid, during operation of the power transmission system, to at least one of the terminations, for cooling of the conductor assemblies.

A conductor assembly for transmitting power includes a former that defines a shape, a superconductor material disposed around the former, and a thermally insulating jacket (TIJ) disposed around and spaced apart from the superconductor material. An outer surface of the superconductor material and an inner surface of the TIJ can define an annulus through which a coolant can flow. The conductor assembly can also include an external layer, disposed around an outside surface of the TIJ, to provide structural support to the conductor assembly. The conductor assembly can also include an electrical insulation layer disposed around the outside surface of the TIJ or around the superconductor material.

Power transmission systems with cooling mechanisms, and methods of operating the same, are described. A power transmission system can include multiple support tower assemblies. Each of the support tower assemblies includes a support tower. One or more of the support tower assemblies includes a termination (i.e., a connection point via which electrical current and/or coolant can enter the transmission line and/or exit the transmission line). The power transmission system also includes multiple conductor assemblies suspended above a surface of the earth. Each conductor assembly includes an electrical conductor and is positioned between, and mechanically supported by, a pair of the support towers. The power transmission system also includes a coolant supply system that delivers a coolant fluid, during operation of the power transmission system, to at least one of the terminations, for cooling of the conductor assemblies.

Power transmission systems with cooling mechanisms, and methods of operating the same, are described. A power transmission system can include multiple support tower assemblies. Each of the support tower assemblies includes a support tower. One or more of the support tower assemblies includes a termination (i.e., a connection point via which electrical current and/or coolant can enter the transmission line and/or exit the transmission line). The power transmission system also includes multiple conductor assemblies suspended above a surface of the earth. Each conductor assembly includes an electrical conductor and is positioned between, and mechanically supported by, a pair of the support towers. The power transmission system also includes a coolant supply system that delivers a coolant fluid, during operation of the power transmission system, to at least one of the terminations, for cooling of the conductor assemblies.