A double tube is provided, which can reliably prevent buckling and flattening of an inner tube even when bending is performed.

A double tube is provided, which can reliably prevent buckling and flattening of an inner tube even when bending is performed.

An end closure for a superconductive electric cable which has at least one superconductive conductor which is surrounded by a tubular cryostat serving for conducting a cooling agent, which at its end is surrounded by a housing. The housing (G) has two walls (7, 8) which are separated from each other by an intermediate space (9) and having insulating material, wherein a thermal insulation containing gas is placed in the intermediate space. The pressure in the intermediate space (9) of the housing (G) is adjusted to a value of between 10.sup.9 mbar and 1000 mbar and, connected to the intermediate space (9) are a pressure measuring device (12) and a vacuum pump (11) which serve for adjusting the pressure prevailing in the intermediate space (9) of the housing (G).

An end closure for a superconductive electric cable which has at least one superconductive conductor which is surrounded by a tubular cryostat serving for conducting a cooling agent, which at its end is surrounded by a housing. The housing (G) has two walls (7, 8) which are separated from each other by an intermediate space (9) and having insulating material, wherein a thermal insulation containing gas is placed in the intermediate space. The pressure in the intermediate space (9) of the housing (G) is adjusted to a value of between 10.sup.9 mbar and 1000 mbar and, connected to the intermediate space (9) are a pressure measuring device (12) and a vacuum pump (11) which serve for adjusting the pressure prevailing in the intermediate space (9) of the housing (G).

Methods and apparatus are disclosed for cooling superconducting signal lines disposed on an interconnect such as a flexible cable or a rigid substrate. The superconducting signal lines are cooled to a cryogenic temperature lower than the temperature at which at least some superconducting logic devices coupled to the interconnect are operated. In some examples, an airtight conduit, heat pipe, or thermally conduct of strap provided to cool the superconducting interconnect. In one example of the disclosed technology, a system includes at least two sets of superconducting logic devices, cooling apparatus adapted to cool the logic devices to a first operating temperature, and interconnect coupling the superconducting logic devices, and a cooling apparatus in thermal communication with the interconnect. The apparatus is adapted to cool superconducting signal lines on the interconnect to a lower operating temperature than the first operating temperature at which the superconducting logic devices operate.

Methods and apparatus are disclosed for cooling superconducting signal lines disposed on an interconnect such as a flexible cable or a rigid substrate. The superconducting signal lines are cooled to a cryogenic temperature lower than the temperature at which at least some superconducting logic devices coupled to the interconnect are operated. In some examples, an airtight conduit, heat pipe, or thermally conduct of strap provided to cool the superconducting interconnect. In one example of the disclosed technology, a system includes at least two sets of superconducting logic devices, cooling apparatus adapted to cool the logic devices to a first operating temperature, and interconnect coupling the superconducting logic devices, and a cooling apparatus in thermal communication with the interconnect. The apparatus is adapted to cool superconducting signal lines on the interconnect to a lower operating temperature than the first operating temperature at which the superconducting logic devices operate.

A method is provided for setting up a transmission link for electrical energy, in which at least one superconductive cable and a cryostat surrounding the same are used, the cryostat having two metal tubes arranged concentrically in relation to one another, between which a vacuum insulation is provided. The ends of the cryostat in the assembled state as well as the superconductive cable located in the same are attached on fixed parts of the transmission link. At least at one end of the cryostat, there is gaplessly connected to the same a tube body which is bent by an angle of at least 180 and likewise consists of two metal tubes arranged concentrically in relation to one another, between which a vacuum insulation is provided. The superconductive cable protruding from the cryostat is arranged in the tube body at room temperature in such a way that it runs at least in the direct proximity of the wall of the inner tube of the tube body that has the greater bending radius.

A method is provided for setting up a transmission link for electrical energy, in which at least one superconductive cable and a cryostat surrounding the same are used, the cryostat having two metal tubes arranged concentrically in relation to one another, between which a vacuum insulation is provided. The ends of the cryostat in the assembled state as well as the superconductive cable located in the same are attached on fixed parts of the transmission link. At least at one end of the cryostat, there is gaplessly connected to the same a tube body which is bent by an angle of at least 180 and likewise consists of two metal tubes arranged concentrically in relation to one another, between which a vacuum insulation is provided. The superconductive cable protruding from the cryostat is arranged in the tube body at room temperature in such a way that it runs at least in the direct proximity of the wall of the inner tube of the tube body that has the greater bending radius.

A superconducting wire includes a main body portion, a substrate, and a cover portion. The main body portion includes a first main surface and a second main surface located opposite to the first main surface, and includes a superconducting material portion. The substrate supports the second main surface of the main body portion. The cover portion is formed at least on the first main surface of the main body portion. In the cover portion, surface roughness in a central portion in a width direction of the superconducting wire is smaller than surface roughness at an end portion in the width direction.

A superconducting wire includes a main body portion, a substrate, and a cover portion. The main body portion includes a first main surface and a second main surface located opposite to the first main surface, and includes a superconducting material portion. The substrate supports the second main surface of the main body portion. The cover portion is formed at least on the first main surface of the main body portion. In the cover portion, surface roughness in a central portion in a width direction of the superconducting wire is smaller than surface roughness at an end portion in the width direction.