A power resistor comprises a tubular housing composed of metal and a resistor element received therein, wherein the housing has four side walls that extend along a longitudinal axis of the housing between two ends and define a rectangular cross-section. The housing comprises four edges of the four side walls at at least one of the two ends. Two of the four side walls have a respective incision at their edges for introducing a fastening element and the two other side walls have a respective clearance in alignment with the oppositely disposed incision to facilitate a placement of a tool at a fastening element introduced into the respective incision.

The present invention relates to a PT heater and, more specifically, to a PTC heater which: mechanically fixes a heating element, a terminal, an insulating layer, and a heat-radiating unit, which constitute the PTC heater, by bending a fixing projection of a hook structure formed at a heat rod; and further has an auxiliary fixing protrusion capable of fixing the position of the heating element so as to increase the adhesiveness between the PTC element and the heat-radiating unit, thereby enabling performance to improve and facilitating assembly through the heat rod.

A PTC heating element and an electric heating device containing such a PTC heating element are disclosed. The PTC heating element comprises two insulating layers with a metallic coating provided on one side and a PTC element arranged therebetween which is provided on oppositely disposed main side surfaces with a respective metallization which is electrically conductively connected to the coating of one of the insulating layers. The metallization provided on one of the main side surfaces is assigned only to one potential for energizing the PTC element. The metallization provided on the other main side surface is assigned to only the other potential for energizing the PTC element. The metallization of the one main side surface of the PTC element and the metallization of the other main side surface of the PTC element are formed in such a way that the current path (P) through the PTC element is extended relative to the thickness (D) of the PTC element.

A PTC heating element has two insulating layers with a metallic coating provided on one side and a PTC element arranged therebetween. The PTC element is provided on oppositely disposed main side surfaces with a respective metallization which is electrically conductively connected to the coating of one of the insulating layers The metallization provided on one of the main side surfaces is assigned only to one potential for energizing the PTC element, and the metallization provided on the other of the main side surfaces is only assigned to the other potential for energizing the PTC element, as well as an electric heating device containing such a PTC heating element. With regard to better heat decoupling, the insulating layer may be glued to the PTC element, and the coating of the insulating layers is in direct electrically conductive contact with the metallization of the PTC element.

A surge arrester system includes a surge arrester, and an active cooling system having a cooling interface in contact with the surge arrester and operative to transfer heat from the surge arrester. The active cooling system includes a forced convection apparatus operative to provide forced convection cooling. A circuit breaker system includes a power semiconductor switch and an active cooling system constructed to cool the power semiconductor switch. The active cooling system includes a forced convection apparatus configured to provide forced convection cooling. The power semiconductor switch is in contact with the active cooling system. A surge arrester is disposed adjacent to and in contact with the active cooling system. The active cooling system includes a cooling interface constructed for contact with the surge arrester and operative to provide cooling to the surge arrester. The power semiconductor switch and the surge arrester dissipate power alternatively.

A resistor includes an elongated cylindrical body having nodes and elongated members. The elongated members interconnect the nodes to form openings between the nodes and the elongated members for the flow therethrough of a cooling fluid. The body is configured to receive electric current from a powered system and to conduct and provide electric resistance to the electric current to dissipate at least part of the electric current as heat from the body. The body also is configured to be coupled with at least one other resistor of the powered system in one or more of a parallel or series arrangement in an electric circuit.

A resistor includes an elongated cylindrical body having nodes and elongated members. The elongated members interconnect the nodes to form openings between the nodes and the elongated members for the flow therethrough of a cooling fluid. The body is configured to receive electric current from a powered system and to conduct and provide electric resistance to the electric current to dissipate at least part of the electric current as heat from the body. The body also is configured to be coupled with at least one other resistor of the powered system in one or more of a parallel or series arrangement in an electric circuit.

An electrically operated vehicle includes a braking resistor in a heat sink cover. The heat sink cover has an air throughflow body having vent openings and an air throughflow direction perpendicular to a direction of travel of the vehicle. The heat sink cover includes an inlet flap on an air inflow side and an outlet flap on an air outflow side. An opening mechanism opens and closes the flaps. In the closed state, the flaps are oriented along the direction of travel and obliquely to the air throughflow direction. In a plan view of the vent openings, the vent openings are at least 90% covered by the flaps in the closed state and at most 60% covered by the flaps in the opened state. The flaps are disposed symmetrically to a vehicle center axis, and the vent openings are oriented parallel to side surfaces of the vehicle.

An electrically operated vehicle includes a braking resistor in a heat sink cover. The heat sink cover has an air throughflow body having vent openings and an air throughflow direction perpendicular to a direction of travel of the vehicle. The heat sink cover includes an inlet flap on an air inflow side and an outlet flap on an air outflow side. An opening mechanism opens and closes the flaps. In the closed state, the flaps are oriented along the direction of travel and obliquely to the air throughflow direction. In a plan view of the vent openings, the vent openings are at least 90% covered by the flaps in the closed state and at most 60% covered by the flaps in the opened state. The flaps are disposed symmetrically to a vehicle center axis, and the vent openings are oriented parallel to side surfaces of the vehicle.

A resistor of a powered system includes an elongated body that extends from a first terminal end to an opposite second terminal end. The body forms a continuous path that extends from the first terminal end to the second terminal end and that forms a disc. The body is configured to receive electric current from the powered system at the first terminal end and conduct and provide electric resistance to the electric current received from the powered system to dissipate at least part of the electric current as heat from the body. The second terminal end of the body is configured to be coupled with at least one other resistor of the powered system in one or more of a parallel or series arrangement in an electric circuit.