A chip resistor has a substrate, a first connection electrode and a second connection electrode that are formed on the substrate, and a resistor network that is formed on the substrate and that has ends one of which is connected to the first connection electrode and the other one of which is connected to the second connection electrode. The resistor network is provided with a resistive circuit. The resistive circuit has a resistive element film line that is provided along inner wall surfaces of trenches. The resistive element film line extending along the inner wall surfaces of the trenches is long and has a high resistivity as a unit resistive element.

A chip resistor has a substrate, a first connection electrode and a second connection electrode that are formed on the substrate, and a resistor network that is formed on the substrate and that has ends one of which is connected to the first connection electrode and the other one of which is connected to the second connection electrode. The resistor network is provided with a resistive circuit. The resistive circuit has a resistive element film line that is provided along inner wall surfaces of trenches. The resistive element film line extending along the inner wall surfaces of the trenches is long and has a high resistivity as a unit resistive element.

Provided is a variable resistance circuit in which the resistance value of the variable resistance circuit can be accurately adjusted, by reducing the error in the change amount of the resistance value of the variable resistance circuit due to the on-resistances of switch circuits even if the switch circuits that each bypass a resistor included in a ladder resistor circuit are switched between an OFF state and an ON state. This variable resistance circuit includes: a ladder resistor circuit including a plurality of resistors; a first switch circuit connected in series to one end of one resistor of the plurality of resistors; and a second switch circuit connected in parallel to a series circuit of the one resistor and the first switch circuit. When one of the first and second switch circuits is turned on, the other of the first and second switch circuits is turned off.

A method for manufacturing a chip component includes forming an element, which includes a plurality of element parts, on a substrate. A plurality of fuses are formed, for disconnectably connecting each of the plurality of element parts to an external connection electrode. The external connection electrode, which is arranged to provide external connection for the element, is formed by electroless plating on the substrate.

A method for manufacturing a chip component includes forming an element, which includes a plurality of element parts, on a substrate. A plurality of fuses are formed, for disconnectably connecting each of the plurality of element parts to an external connection electrode. The external connection electrode, which is arranged to provide external connection for the element, is formed by electroless plating on the substrate.

A chip component includes a chip component main body, an electrode pad formed on a top surface of the main body, a protective film covering the top surface of the main body and having a contact hole exposing the pad, and an external connection electrode electrically connected to the pad via the hole and having a protruding portion, which, in a plan view looking from a direction perpendicular to a top surface of the pad, extends to a top surface of the film and protrudes further outward than a region of contact with the pad over the full periphery of an edge portion of the hole. A method for manufacturing the component includes forming the pad on the main body's top surface, forming the protective film, forming the hole in the film so as to expose the pad, and forming the electrode electrically connected to the pad via the hole.

A chip component includes a chip component main body, an electrode pad formed on a top surface of the main body, a protective film covering the top surface of the main body and having a contact hole exposing the pad, and an external connection electrode electrically connected to the pad via the hole and having a protruding portion, which, in a plan view looking from a direction perpendicular to a top surface of the pad, extends to a top surface of the film and protrudes further outward than a region of contact with the pad over the full periphery of an edge portion of the hole. A method for manufacturing the component includes forming the pad on the main body's top surface, forming the protective film, forming the hole in the film so as to expose the pad, and forming the electrode electrically connected to the pad via the hole.

System and method for providing precision a self calibrating resistance circuit is described that provides for matching a reference resistor using dynamically configurable resistance networks. The resistor network is coupled to the connection, wherein the resistor network provides a configurable resistance across the connection. In addition, the resistor network comprises a digital resistor network and an analog resistor network. Also, the circuit includes control circuitry for configuring the configurable resistance based on a reference resistance of the reference resistor. The configurable resistance is configured by coarsely tuning the resistor network through the digital resistor network and fine tuning the resistor network through the analog resistor network.

System and method for providing precision a self calibrating resistance circuit is described that provides for matching a reference resistor using dynamically configurable resistance networks. The resistor network is coupled to the connection, wherein the resistor network provides a configurable resistance across the connection. In addition, the resistor network comprises a digital resistor network and an analog resistor network. Also, the circuit includes control circuitry for configuring the configurable resistance based on a reference resistance of the reference resistor. The configurable resistance is configured by coarsely tuning the resistor network through the digital resistor network and fine tuning the resistor network through the analog resistor network.

A resistor assembly can be used in a tap changer. The resistor assembly may include: a resistor element, which is held by at least two resistor holders; a base plate with at least one opening and on which the at least two resistor holders holding the resistor element are arranged; a plurality of guides, respectively formed in each of the resistor holders and being configured to position a first end and a second end of the resistor element with respect to a longitudinal direction between the two resistor holders; and contact points of the resistor element, the contact points being electrically contacted by contacts of the tap changer in a condition where the resistor element is inserted into the resistor holder.