A vaccine containing an epitope of a heat shock protein 90 and uses thereof are disclosed. The epitope(s) of heat shock protein 90 has the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 and/or 2. A multi-epitope vaccine containing the epitope(s) and a method for treating or preventing cancer using the same are disclosed.

The present disclosure relates to an anticancer vaccine composition including a peptide of SEQ ID NO: 1 and a peptide of SEQ ID NO: 2, which are epitopes of HSP90, and the vaccine composition according to the present disclosure may effectively inhibit the growth of tumors in an animal model of tumor cell line transplantation without severe adverse effects, and thus may be useful for treating cancer or preventing cancer recurrence.

The present invention relates to epitopes containing homocitrulline (Heit) that can be used as targets for cancer immunotherapy. The homocitrullinated T cell epitope has (i) a predicted binding score to MIC class II or class I of <30 using the online IEDB prediction program (http://www.iedb.org/) and (ii) at least 5 consecutive amino acids that form a spiral conformational structure. These modified peptides can be used as vaccines or as targets for T cell receptor (TCR) and adoptive T cell transfer therapies.

Described herein are immuno-stimulatory RNA nanostructures (which comprises a single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) molecule, wherein the ssRNA molecule forms at least one paranemic cohesion crossover), as well as compositions and methods of use thereof.

An object of the present invention is to provide a cancer vaccine with use of a common cancer antigen cocktail, a TCR/CAR-T cell therapeutic, a companion diagnostic method, and a method for diagnosing risk of cancer onset by detecting circulating tumor cells. The present invention provides a cancer vaccine comprising: (1) common cancer antigens comprising three or more selected from GPC3, ROBO1, EPHB4, CLDN1, and LAT1; (2) partial peptides of the three or more common cancer antigens with CTL inducibility; (3) a dendritic cell stimulated with the partial peptides; or (4) mRNAs encoding the common cancer antigens or the partial peptides.

A method of improving cognition, learning and memory in a patient having a tauopathy neurodegenerative disease by the administration of small heat shock protein 22 (Hsp22) is presented. Administration of both wild type Hsp22 and a mutant phosphomimetic Hsp22 were found to increase synaptic plasticity and long term potentiation thus leading to increases in cognition, learning and memory in patients having a tauopathy such as Alzheimer's disease. These increases were found to be independent of tau accumulation and phosphorylation in vivo.