A rechargeable battery includes an electrode assembly in a case, and a cap assembly coupled to the case, the cap assembly having a cap plate sealing the case, the cap plate including a short-circuit hole and a conductive groove surrounding the short-circuit hole, an inversion plate in the conductive groove of the cap plate, a connection plate covering the short-circuit hole of the cap plate, and a short-circuit member between the connection plate and the inversion plate, the short-circuit member at least partially passing through the short-circuit hole and contacting the connection plate.

An electrolytic capacitor includes a capacitor element, a lead member electrically connected to the capacitor element, an outer packaging member in which the capacitor element and a part of the lead member are sealed, and a heat barrier layer that covers at least a part of the outer packaging member. The heat barrier layer has an electrical insulation property, and contains at least one of metallic oxide and metal hydroxide.

The energy storage apparatus includes an energy storage device, a circuit breaker connected in series with the energy storage device, a reception unit that receives a discharge instruction to discharge remaining electric power of the energy storage device, and a management unit. The management unit executes protection processing of opening, when a state of charge of the energy storage device drops below a predetermined threshold value, the circuit breaker to protect the energy storage device from overdischarging, and protection release processing of releasing protection of the energy storage device when the discharge instruction is received by the reception unit.

An electrolytic capacitor includes an anode body having a dielectric layer; a solid electrolyte layer in contact with the dielectric layer of the anode body; and an electrolytic solution. The electrolytic solution contains a solvent and a solute. The solvent contains a glycol compound. The solute contains an acid component and a base component. A mass of the acid component in the solute is greater than a mass of the base component in the solute. The acid component contains a first aromatic compound having a hydroxyl group.

An energy storage apparatus includes: an energy storage device which includes an electrode terminal; an outer case; and an external connection terminal. The external connection terminal includes: an external connection part to be connected to an external conductive member; a circuit breaking part; and a bus bar which connects the electrode terminal or the external connection part with the circuit breaking part, and which is formed in the outer case by insert molding. The bus bar includes an outer exposed portion on which the circuit breaking part is detachably mounted from the outside of the outer case.

A power storage device includes a plurality of power storage units and a plurality of disconnection units. The plurality of power storage units are electrically connected in parallel between a pair of connection points. The plurality of disconnection units each connect to a corresponding power storage unit in the plurality of power storage units. Each of the plurality of disconnection units is configured to electrically disconnect between the corresponding power storage unit and at least one of the pair of connection points in accordance with flowing of a current at a value more than or equal to a predetermined value in the corresponding power storage unit.

An electrical system, and, more particularly, to an electrical system for an aircraft comprising one or more energy sinks and a hybrid energy storage system. The hybrid energy storage system may comprise one or more primary energy sources, a secondary energy source, and a secondary energy source control unit. The one or more primary energy sources may be coupled to and supply power to the one or more energy sinks. The secondary energy source may be coupled to the one or more primary energy sources and adapted to supply power at a variable output voltage to the one or more primary energy sources.

A capacitor circuit (capacitor device 20, 30, 34, 50) in which a plurality of capacitors (41 to 45) are connected to each other is included, one or two or more capacitors (overvoltage short-circuiting capacitors 40, 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d) in the capacitor circuit have a dielectric breakdown voltage made lower than that of another capacitor, and the one or two or more capacitors having the lower dielectric breakdown voltage are subjected to dielectric breakdown due to application of an overvoltage earlier than the other capacitor so that the capacitor circuit is short-circuited. As a result, the safety of the capacitor device and a device connected thereto can be enhanced.

A system and method for determining the lifetime of a capacitor element, specifically a capacitor element comprising a solid electrolyte that undergoes oxidation, is provided. The system and method utilize a capacitor element comprising an anode body, a dielectric, and a solid electrolyte, and may also comprise other stages of the production of a capacitor. The system and method provide an estimation of the life of the capacitor while considering the oxidation of the solid electrolyte.

An electrolytic capacitor includes an anode body having a dielectric layer; a solid electrolyte layer in contact with the dielectric layer of the anode body; and an electrolytic solution. The electrolytic solution contains a solvent and a solute. The solvent contains a glycol compound. The solute contains an acid component. The acid component contains a first aromatic compound having a hydroxyl group. A proportion of the first aromatic compound in the acid component ranges from 30% by mass to 100% by mass, inclusive.